Personality types: Jung's model of typology - Inner City Books

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Introduction to Jungian Typology 25and strong emotional reactions of any kind—from falling inlove to blind rage—are a sure sign that the inferior function,along with one or more complexes, has been activated. Thisnaturally gives rise to a multitude of relationship problems.In therapy, when it becomes desirable or necessary to developthe inferior function, this can only happen gradually,and by first going through one of the auxiliary functions. AsJung comments:I have frequently observed how an analyst, confronted with aterrific thinking type, for instance, will do his utmost to developthe feeling function directly out of the uncon-scious.Such an attempt is foredoomed to failure, because it involvestoo great a violation of the conscious standpoint. Should theviolation nevertheless be successful, a really compulsive dependenceof the patient on the analyst ensues, a transferencethat can only be brutally terminated, because, having been leftwithout a standpoint, the patient has made his standpoint theanalyst. . . . In order to cushion the impact of the unconscious,an irrational type needs a stronger development of the rationalauxiliary function present in consciousness [and vice versa]. 19The Two Attitude TypesAccording to Jung, his initial motivation for investigating typologywas his need to understand why Freud's view of neurosiswas so different from that of Adler.Freud saw his patients as being preeminently dependentupon, and defining themselves in relation to, significant objects,particularly the parents. Adler's emphasis was on how aperson, or subject, seeks his own security and supremacy. Theone supposes that human behavior is conditioned by the ob-19 Psychological Types, CW 6, par. 670.
26 Introduction to Jungian Typologyject, the other finds the determining agency in the subject.Jung expressed appreciation for both points of view:The Freudian theory is attractively simple, so much so that italmost pains one if anybody drives in the wedge of a contraryassertion. But the same is true of Adler's theory. It too is of illuminatingsimplicity and explains as much as the Freudiantheory. . . . But how comes it that each invest-igator sees onlyone side, and why does each maintain that he has the onlyvalid view? . . . Both are obviously work-ing with the samematerial; but because of personal peculi-arities they each seethings from a different angle. 20Jung concluded that these "personal peculiarities" were infact due to typological differences: Freud's system was predominantlyextraverted, while Adler's was introverted. 21These fundamentally opposite attitude types are found inboth sexes and at all levels of society. They are not a matter ofconscious choice or inheritance or education. Their occurrenceis a general phenomenon having an apparently randomdistribution.Two children in the same family may even be of oppositetypes. "Ultimately," writes Jung, "it must be the individualdisposition which decides whether [one] will belong to this orthat type." 22 In fact, he believed the type antithesis was due tosome unconscious, instinctive cause, for which there waslikely a biological foundation:There are in nature two fundamentally different modes of adaptationwhich ensure the continued existence of the livingorganism. The one consists in a high rate of fertility, with low20 Two Essays, CW 7, pars. 56f.21 Von Franz distinguishes between Freud's psychological system and hispersonal typology. Freud himself, she believes, was an introverted feelingtype, "and therefore his writings bear the characteristics of his inferiorextraverted thinking." (Jung's Typology, p. 49)22 Psychological Types, CW 6, par. 560.
Page 2 and 3: Personality Types
Page 4 and 5: PERSONALITY TYPESJung’s Model of
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTSPreface 91 Introduction to
Page 8 and 9: Classification does not explain the
Page 10 and 11: PrefaceThis book is not a critique
Page 12 and 13: 1Introduction to Jungian TypologyTh
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Page 38 and 39: 2Extraversion and the Four Function
Page 40 and 41: Extraversion and the Four Functions
Page 66 and 67: 3Introversion and the Four Function
Page 68 and 69: Introversion and the Four Functions
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Introversion and the Four Functions
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4Concluding RemarksWhy Typology?No
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Concluding Remarks 91joy being with
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Concluding Remarks 93benefit? And h
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Concluding Remarks 95The shadow is
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Concluding Remarks 97owy —primiti
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Concluding Remarks 99to stay home a
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Appendix 1The Clinical Significance
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The Clinical Significance of Extrav
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Appendix 2A Dinner Party with the T
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A Dinner Party with the Types 115an
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A Dinner Party with the Types 117hi
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A Dinner Party with the Types 119Th
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Index 121inferior, 69, 72-74, 78-79
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Index 123self-examination, 23self-r
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Studies in Jungian Psychologyby Jun
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