Personality types: Jung's model of typology - Inner City Books

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3Introversion and the Four FunctionsThe Introverted AttitudeThe distinguishing feature of introversion, as opposed to extraversion,is that whereas the latter relates primarily to theobject and data originating in the outside world, introversionfinds its orientation in inner, personal factors.A person of this type might say: "I know I could give my fatherthe greatest pleasure if I did so and so, but I don't happento think that way." Or: "I see that the weather has turned outbad, but in spite of it I shall carry out my plan." This type doesnot travel for pleasure but to execute a preconceived idea. . . .At every step the sanction of the subject must be obtained, andwithout it nothing can be undertaken or carried out. Such peoplewould have replied to St. Augustine [see above, p. 39]: "Iwould believe the Gospel if the authority of the CatholicChurch did not compel it." Always he has to prove that everythinghe does rests on his own decisions and convictions, andnever because he is influenced by anyone, or desires to pleaseor conciliate some person or opinion. 72Naturally, an introverted consciousness can be well awareof external conditions, but subjective determinants are decisiveas the motivating force. While the extravert responds towhat comes to the subject from the object (outer reality), theintro-vert relates mainly to the impressions aroused by theobject in the subject (inner reality).Jung is characteristically blunt in describing the traits ofthis type:72 Ibid., par. 893.65
66 Introversion and the Four FunctionsThe introvert is not forthcoming, he is as though in continualretreat before the object. He holds aloof from external happenings,does not join in, has a distinct dislike of society as soonas he finds himself among too many people. In a large gatheringhe feels lonely and lost. The more crowded it is, thegreater becomes his resistance. He is not in the least "with it,"and has no love of enthusiastic get-togethers. He is not a goodmixer. What he does, he does in his own way, barricadinghimself against influences from outside. . . . He is easily mistrustful,self-willed, often suffers from inferiority feelings andfor this reason is also envious. He confronts the world with anelaborate defensive system compounded of scrupulosity, pedantry,fru-gality, cautiousness, painful conscientiousness, stifflippedrectitude, politeness, and open-eyed distrust. . . . Undernormal conditions he is pessimistic and worried, because theworld and human beings are not in the least good but crushhim. . . .His own world is a safe harbour, a carefully tended andwalled-in garden, closed to the public and hidden from pryingeyes. His own company is the best. 73No wonder the introverted attitude is often seen as autoerotic,egocentric, egotistical, even pathological. But in Jung'sopinion, this simply reflects the normal bias of the extravertedattitude, which is by definition convinced of the superiority ofthe object.We must not forget—although the extravert is only too proneto do so—that perception and cognition are not purely objective,but are also subjectively conditioned. The world existsnot merely in itself, but also as it appears to me. . . . By overvaluingour capacity for objective cognition we repress theimportance of the subjective factor. 74By the "subjective factor," Jung understands "that psychologicalaction or reaction which merges with the effect pro-73 Ibid., pars. 976f.74 Ibid., par. 621.
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Personality Types
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PERSONALITY TYPESJung’s Model of
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CONTENTSPreface 91 Introduction to
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Classification does not explain the
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PrefaceThis book is not a critique
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1Introduction to Jungian TypologyTh
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Introduction to Jungian Typology 13
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Page 38 and 39: 2Extraversion and the Four Function
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Page 90 and 91: 4Concluding RemarksWhy Typology?No
Page 92 and 93: Concluding Remarks 91joy being with
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Page 96 and 97: Concluding Remarks 95The shadow is
Page 98 and 99: Concluding Remarks 97owy —primiti
Page 100 and 101: Concluding Remarks 99to stay home a
Page 102 and 103: Appendix 1The Clinical Significance
Page 104 and 105: The Clinical Significance of Extrav
Page 114 and 115: Appendix 2A Dinner Party with the T
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A Dinner Party with the Types 115an
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A Dinner Party with the Types 117hi
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A Dinner Party with the Types 119Th
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Index 121inferior, 69, 72-74, 78-79
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Index 123self-examination, 23self-r
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Studies in Jungian Psychologyby Jun
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Personality types: Jung's model of typology - Inner City Books

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