Heavy metal adsorption on iron oxide and iron oxide-coated silica ...

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LIST OF TABLESTablePage2.1 Extraction Methods for Oxides 102.2 Some Coating Work and Corresponding Coating Results 135.1 PZC Values of Goethite in Some Studies 485.2 XRD Data of A and US Silica Compared with the Standard PowderDiffraction Database File 495.3 XRF Results for A and US Silica 515.4 Isoelectric Points of Si02 596.1 Experimental conditions for Adsorption and Precipitation Coating ProcessesBased on the Fractional Factorial Experimental Design 636.2 Surface Area and Porosity of Silica and Coated Silica 786.3 PZC Measured and Calculated for Coated Silica (after Abrasion) 817.1 Sample Preparation Conditions 867.2 EXAFS Results of Pb Standards at Pb LIII Edge 897.3 EXAFS Results of Pb/HFO Samples at Pb LIII Edge 947.4 EXAFS Results of Iron Oxides and Pb/HFO Samples at Fe K-edge. FT WasPerformed Over Range: Hematite 2.83-11.42 k l , Goethite 2.63-11.19 k l ,HFO and Pb-HFO Sorption Samples 2.86-11.77 A -1 1018.1 Preparation Conditions for Ni XAS Samples 1118.2 EXAFS Results of Ni Standards at Ni K Edge 1138.3 EXAFS Results of Ni/HFO Samples at Ni K Edge 1178.4 EXAFS Results of HFO and Ni/HFO Samples at Fe K Edge 1229.1 Surface Reactions and TLM Parameters for the Goethite-Water Interface 1289.2 Model Parameters for Ni and Zn Adsorption Isotherms for Goethite atDifferent pH Values 132xii
LIST OF TABLES(Continued)TablePageB.1 Potentiometric Titration of 1 g L -1 Goethite Adsorption-Coated Silica 165B.2 Potentiometric Titration of 1 g L -1 Goethite Precipitation Coated-Silica 166B.3 Potentiometric Titration of 2 g L -1 Silica 167B.4 Potentiometric Titration of 1 g L -1 Goethite 168C.1 Ni Adsorption Edges on 1 g L -1 Goethite 169C.2 Ni Adsorption Isotherms on 1 g L -1 Goethite at Ionic Strength 10 -3 169C.3 Zn Adsorption Edges on 1 g L -1 Goethite 170C.4 Zn Adsorption Isotherms on 1 g L -1 Goethite at Ionic Strength 10-3 170C.5 Ni Adsorption in Ni-Zn Bisolute Systems on 1 g L-1 Goethite at pH 6 andIonic Strength 10-3 171D.1 Ni Adsorption Edges on 5 g L -1 Silica and Goethite-Coated Silica (4.01mg Fe g-1 Solid) at [Ni]o=5 x10 -1° M 172D.2 Ni Adsorption Isotherms on 5 g L-1 Silica at Ionic Strength 10 -3 172D.3 Ni Adsorption Isotherms on 5 g L-1 Goethite-Coated Silica (4.01 mg Fe g -1Solid) at Ionic Strength 10 -3 173D.4 Zn Adsorption Edges on 5 g L -1 Silica and Goethite-Coated Silica (4.01mg Fe g-1 Solid) at [Zn] 0=2x10 -8 M 173D.5 Zn Adsorption Isotherms on 5 g L-1 Silica and Goethite-Coated Silica (4.01mg Fe g-1 Solid) at Ionic Strength 10 -3 174E.1 Ni Adsorption Edges on 1 g L -1 HFO 175E.2 Ni Adsorption Isotherms on 1 g L -1 HFO at Ionic Strength 2.8x10 -2 175E.3 Pb CBC Study on 0.3 g L-1 HFO at Ionic Strength 1.4x10 -2, pH 5, And[Pb] e=10-4M 176F.1 Iron Concentration of the Coated Silica Before and After Abrasion 177
Page 1 and 2: Copyright Warning & RestrictionsThe
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACTHEAVY METAL ADSORPTION ON I
Page 5 and 6: HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION ON IRON OXID
Page 7 and 8: APPROVAL PAGEHEAVY METAL ADSORPTION
Page 9 and 10: Fan, M.; Boonfueng, T.; Xu, Y.; Axe
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGMENTI would like to expre
Page 13 and 14: TABLE OF CONTENTS(Continued)Chapter
Page 15: TABLE OF CONTENTS(Continued)Chapter
Page 19 and 20: LIST OF FIGURES(Continued)FigurePag
Page 21 and 22: LIST OF FIGURES(Continued)FigurePag
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONHeavy<
Page 25 and 26: 3and Sigg, 1992; Gunneriusson et al
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2OXIDES AND THEIR EFFECT ON
Page 29 and 30: 7et al. 1996; Green-Pedersen et al.
Page 31 and 32: 9identify components, distribution,
Page 33 and 34: 11oxides. Because extraction method
Page 35 and 36: 13Table 2.2 Some Coating Work and C
Page 37 and 38: 15increasing the sorbate concentrat
Page 39 and 40: 17mole Cu g-1 goethite (-1-7% of th
Page 41 and 42: 19Overall, macroscopic adso
Page 43 and 44: 21hematite (up to 9.9 limo' Pb ril-
Page 45 and 46: 23concentration in their system was
Page 47 and 48: 25Surface complexation modeling (SC
Page 49 and 50: 27Overall, surface complexation mod
Page 51 and 52: 29Spectroscopic techniques, especia
Page 53 and 54: 31• Understand the effect of comp
Page 55 and 56: 33existing in almost all soils and
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER 4EXPERIMENTAL METHODSIn thi
Page 59 and 60: 37included coating temperature (T),
Page 61 and 62: 39generated at 45 kV and 40 mA, sca
Page 63 and 64: 41PZC include electrophoretic mobil
Page 65 and 66: 43Lin-edge, from 8,133 to 8,884 eV
Page 67 and 68:
CHAPTER 5CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON O
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47measured by potentiometric titrat
Page 71 and 72:
Table 5.2 XRD Data of Alfa Aesar (A
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51Table 5.3 XRF Results for Alfa Ae
Page 75 and 76:
Figure 5.4 Particle size distributi
Page 77:
55Figure 5.5 ESEM micrograph for Al
Page 80 and 81:
585.2.5 Surface Charge Distribution
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Figure 5.10 Potentiometric titratio
Page 84 and 85:
CHAPTER 6SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZA
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Figure 6.1 Comparison between Fecon
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Figure 6.2 XRD patterns for goethit
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68iron oxide coatings at 60 °C, go
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70substrate diameter of 0.2 mm, an
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72goethite and silica results in on
Page 96 and 97:
Figure 6.7 ESEM micrograph (9000x)
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76Furthermore, because discrete goe
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78Table 6.2 Surface Area and Porosi
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Figure 6.10 Surface charge distribu
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Figure 6.11 Ni adsorption</
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84that for pure silica, and the goe
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Table 7.1 Sample Preparation Condit
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Figure 7.2 EXAFS spectra of Pb/HFO
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Figure 7.3 Fourier transform and fi
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Figure 7.4 Fourier transform and fi
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Table 7.3 EXAFS Results of Pb/HFO S
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967.2 Fe XAS of Iron Oxides and Pb/
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Figure 7.7 EXAFS spectra of iron ox
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100and Venturelli, 1999). Overall t
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102(hematite, goethite, akaganeite,
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104adsorption proc
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106of pH, ionic strength, Pb loadin
Page 130 and 131:
Figure 8.1 Ni adsorption</s
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110high metal load
Page 134 and 135:
Figure 8.3 x(k)•k3 spectra and Fo
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Figure 8.4 (k)•k3 spectra of Ni-H
Page 138 and 139:
Figure 8.5 Fourier transforms (magn
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118be fit using either Fe or Ni ato
Page 142 and 143:
1208.3 EXAFS Analysis of FeThe x(k)
Page 144 and 145:
Table 8.4 EXAFS Results of HFO and
Page 146 and 147:
CHAPTER 9SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL
Page 148 and 149:
Figure 9.1 Potentiometric titration
Page 150 and 151:
128Table 9.1 Surface Reactions and
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
132Table 9.2 Model Parameters for N
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
1369.3 Zn Adsorption on GoethiteReg
Page 160 and 161:
Figure 9.6 Zn adsorption</s
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140data over a broad range of condi
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142Figure 9.8 Ni adsorption
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144oxide-coated silica. Ni and Zn s
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Page 170 and 171:
Figure 10.2 Zn adsorption</
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Page 174 and 175:
152one for GACS (2.77x10 -6 mole si
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Figure 10.6 Zn adsorption</
Page 178 and 179:
CHAPTER 11CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WO
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158surfaces are needed for successf
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Figure A.2 Ni speciation in 1x10 -5
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Figure A.4 Pb speciation in 5x10 -8
Page 186 and 187:
Figure A.6 Zn speciation in 1x10 -5
Page 188 and 189:
166Table B.2 Potentiometric Titrati
Page 190 and 191:
168Table BA Potentiometric Titratio
Page 192 and 193:
170Table C.3 Zn Adsorption Edges on
Page 194 and 195:
APPENDIX DADSORPTION STUDIES ON SIL
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174Table D.5 Zn Adsorption Isotherm
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176Table E.3 Pb CBC Study on 0.3 g
Page 200 and 201:
APPENDIX GINTRAPARTICLE DIFFUSION M
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180DofA = flier ^ 2fA = Exp(-fD * f
Page 204 and 205:
REFERENCES1. Adamson A. W. (1982) P
Page 206 and 207:
18426. Blake R. L., Hessevick R. E.
Page 208 and 209:
18650. Combes J. M., Manceau A. and
Page 210 and 211:
18876. Elzinga E. J. and Sparks D.
Page 212 and 213:
190102. Gupta V. K. (1998) Equilibr
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192126. Joshi A. and Chaudhuri M. (
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194150. Liu C. and Huang P. M. (200
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196175. Muller B. and Sigg L. (1992
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200. Perry R. H. and Green D. W. (1
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200226. Scheinost A. C., Kretzschma
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202252. Swallow C. K., Hume D. N. a
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204278. Villalobos M., Trotz M. A.
Page 228:
304. Zhong Z. Y., Prozorov T., Feln
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