Heavy metal adsorption on iron oxide and iron oxide-coated silica ...

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180DofA = flier ^ 2fA = Exp(-fD * fA * fPi A 2 * fTime(i) / fRad(j) A 2) / fAflnfSeries = flnfSeries + fAflier = fIter + 1#Loop Until fA < fTol * flnfSeries Or fA = 0#fMass(j) = (fCs * Men) * (1# - 6# / fPi A 2 * flnfSeries)fMass(j) = fMass(j) * fVol(j)fSorbPred(i) = fSorbPred(i) + fMass(j)Next jfSorbPred(i) = (fSorbPred(i) + fCs * Den) / DenfDiffl = Abs(fSorbExp(i) - fSorbPred(i))fDiff2 = fDiffl A 2fPct = (fDiffl / fSorbExp(i)) * 100#fSuml = fSuml + fDifflfSum2 = fSum2 + fDiff2fPerSum = fPerSum + fPctNext iWar = (fSum2 - fSuml A 2 / CDb1(nCBC)) / CDb1(nCBC - 1)fAveEr = fPerSum / CDb1(nCBC)Cells(14 + iCs, 8) = WarCells(14 + iCs, 9) = fAveErIf War < fMinVar ThenFor i = 1 To nCBCCells(13 + i, 6) = fSorbPred(i)Cells(13 + i, 7) = Abs(fSorbExp(i) - fSorbPred(i))Next ifMinVar = WarCells(5, 7) = WarCells(6, 7) = fAveErCells(7, 7) = fDs / 3600#Cells(8, 7) = iCsEnd If
181Next iCsDim fSorbCalc As Double, fSorbCalcO As DoubleDim fHours As DoublefHours = fTime(nCBC) + 24#fSorbCalcO = fSorbPred(nCBC)DofSorbCalc = 0#For j = 1 To nPSDflnfSeries = 0#titer = 1#DofA = flier A 2fA = Exp(-fD * fA * fPi A 2 * fHours / fRad(j) A 2) / fAflnfSeries = flnfSeries + fAflier = flier + 1#Loop Until fA < fTol * flnfSeries Or fA = 0#fMass(j) = (fCs * fDen) * (1# - 6# / fPi A 2 * flnfSeries)fMass(j) = fMass(j) * fVol(j)fSorbCalc = fSorbCalc + fMass(j)Next jfSorbCalc = (fSorbCalc + fCs * fDen) / fDenIf Abs(fSorbCalc - fSorbCalcO) / fSorbCalc < fTol / 10# ThenExit DoElsefSorbCalcO = fSorbCalcfHours = fHours + 24#End IfLoopCells(9, 7) = fHours / 24# / 365#Cells(10, 7) = fSorbCalcEnd Functi<strong>on</strong>
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Copyright Warning & RestrictionsThe
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ABSTRACTHEAVY METAL ADSORPTION ON I
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HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION ON IRON OXID
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APPROVAL PAGEHEAVY METAL ADSORPTION
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Fan, M.; Boonfueng, T.; Xu, Y.; Axe
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTI would like to expre
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TABLE OF CONTENTS(Continued)Chapter
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TABLE OF CONTENTS(Continued)Chapter
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LIST OF TABLES(Continued)TablePageB
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LIST OF FIGURES(Continued)FigurePag
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LIST OF FIGURES(Continued)FigurePag
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONHeavy<
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3and Sigg, 1992; Gunneriusson et al
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CHAPTER 2OXIDES AND THEIR EFFECT ON
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7et al. 1996; Green-Pedersen et al.
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9identify components, distribution,
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11oxides. Because extraction method
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13Table 2.2 Some Coating Work and C
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15increasing the sorbate concentrat
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17mole Cu g-1 goethite (-1-7% of th
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19Overall, macroscopic adso
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21hematite (up to 9.9 limo' Pb ril-
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23concentration in their system was
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25Surface complexation modeling (SC
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27Overall, surface complexation mod
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29Spectroscopic techniques, especia
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31• Understand the effect of comp
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33existing in almost all soils and
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CHAPTER 4EXPERIMENTAL METHODSIn thi
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37included coating temperature (T),
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39generated at 45 kV and 40 mA, sca
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41PZC include electrophoretic mobil
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43Lin-edge, from 8,133 to 8,884 eV
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CHAPTER 5CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON O
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47measured by potentiometric titrat
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Table 5.2 XRD Data of Alfa Aesar (A
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51Table 5.3 XRF Results for Alfa Ae
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Figure 5.4 Particle size distributi
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55Figure 5.5 ESEM micrograph for Al
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585.2.5 Surface Charge Distribution
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Figure 5.10 Potentiometric titratio
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CHAPTER 6SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZA
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Figure 6.1 Comparison between Fecon
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Figure 6.2 XRD patterns for goethit
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68iron oxide coatings at 60 °C, go
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70substrate diameter of 0.2 mm, an
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72goethite and silica results in on
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Figure 6.7 ESEM micrograph (9000x)
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76Furthermore, because discrete goe
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78Table 6.2 Surface Area and Porosi
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Figure 6.10 Surface charge distribu
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Figure 6.11 Ni adsorption</
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84that for pure silica, and the goe
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Table 7.1 Sample Preparation Condit
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Figure 7.2 EXAFS spectra of Pb/HFO
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Figure 7.3 Fourier transform and fi
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Figure 7.4 Fourier transform and fi
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Table 7.3 EXAFS Results of Pb/HFO S
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967.2 Fe XAS of Iron Oxides and Pb/
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Figure 7.7 EXAFS spectra of iron ox
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100and Venturelli, 1999). Overall t
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102(hematite, goethite, akaganeite,
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104adsorption proc
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106of pH, ionic strength, Pb loadin
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Figure 8.1 Ni adsorption</s
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110high metal load
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Figure 8.3 x(k)•k3 spectra and Fo
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Figure 8.4 (k)•k3 spectra of Ni-H
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Figure 8.5 Fourier transforms (magn
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118be fit using either Fe or Ni ato
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1208.3 EXAFS Analysis of FeThe x(k)
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Table 8.4 EXAFS Results of HFO and
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CHAPTER 9SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL
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Figure 9.1 Potentiometric titration
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128Table 9.1 Surface Reactions and
Page 152 and 153: Figure 9.2 Ni adsorption</s
Page 154 and 155: 132Table 9.2 Model Parameters for N
Page 156 and 157: Figure 9.3 Ni adsorption</s
Page 158 and 159: 1369.3 Zn Adsorption on GoethiteReg
Page 160 and 161: Figure 9.6 Zn adsorption</s
Page 162 and 163: 140data over a broad range of condi
Page 164 and 165: 142Figure 9.8 Ni adsorption
Page 166 and 167: 144oxide-coated silica. Ni and Zn s
Page 168 and 169: Figure 10.1 Ni adsorption</
Page 170 and 171: Figure 10.2 Zn adsorption</
Page 172 and 173: Figure 10.4 Ni adsorption</
Page 174 and 175: 152one for GACS (2.77x10 -6 mole si
Page 176 and 177: Figure 10.6 Zn adsorption</
Page 178 and 179: CHAPTER 11CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WO
Page 180 and 181: 158surfaces are needed for successf
Page 182 and 183: Figure A.2 Ni speciation in 1x10 -5
Page 184 and 185: Figure A.4 Pb speciation in 5x10 -8
Page 186 and 187: Figure A.6 Zn speciation in 1x10 -5
Page 188 and 189: 166Table B.2 Potentiometric Titrati
Page 190 and 191: 168Table BA Potentiometric Titratio
Page 192 and 193: 170Table C.3 Zn Adsorption Edges on
Page 194 and 195: APPENDIX DADSORPTION STUDIES ON SIL
Page 196 and 197: 174Table D.5 Zn Adsorption Isotherm
Page 198 and 199: 176Table E.3 Pb CBC Study on 0.3 g
Page 200 and 201: APPENDIX GINTRAPARTICLE DIFFUSION M
Page 204 and 205: REFERENCES1. Adamson A. W. (1982) P
Page 206 and 207: 18426. Blake R. L., Hessevick R. E.
Page 208 and 209: 18650. Combes J. M., Manceau A. and
Page 210 and 211: 18876. Elzinga E. J. and Sparks D.
Page 212 and 213: 190102. Gupta V. K. (1998) Equilibr
Page 214 and 215: 192126. Joshi A. and Chaudhuri M. (
Page 216 and 217: 194150. Liu C. and Huang P. M. (200
Page 218 and 219: 196175. Muller B. and Sigg L. (1992
Page 220 and 221: 200. Perry R. H. and Green D. W. (1
Page 222 and 223: 200226. Scheinost A. C., Kretzschma
Page 224 and 225: 202252. Swallow C. K., Hume D. N. a
Page 226 and 227: 204278. Villalobos M., Trotz M. A.
Page 228: 304. Zhong Z. Y., Prozorov T., Feln
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