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234 Cheng and ChangFig. 5. Experimental procedure for constructing the DNA vector-based shRNAexpressioncassette. (A) Preparation of DNA vector-based shRNA-expression vector.The improved DNA vector-based shRNA-expression vector is digested with restrictionenzymes ClaI and HindIII, simultaneously, to remove the stuffer Puro R DNA fragment.(B) Cloning of shRNA-expression cassette. The ClaI/HindIII-digested shRNA-expressionvector is ligated with an annealed oligonucleotide duplex that contains a specificshRNA-expression sequence with a row of five Ts as a transcription termination signaland two unique restriction enzyme ClaI and HindIII compatible ends. (C) Screening ofshRNA expressed recombinant DNA clone. The DNA construct containing the shRNAexpressionsequence is identified by simply mapping with restriction enzymes ClaI andHindIII, and further confirmed by directly DNA sequencing with oligonucleotideprimer against T7 or SP6 promoter. The positive recombinant clones contain the restrictionenzyme HindIII site but usually lose the restriction enzyme ClaI site.

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