Air Quality Control Systems and Components - Hitachi Power ...

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CO 2 CapturePost-combustion Capture (PCC)HPE is developing technologies for carbon (CO 2 ) capture and storage – CCS – for electricitygeneration from fossil fuels. The company is backing two processes: post-combustioncapture (PCC) and the oxyfuel technology. They are being tested and pilot-scaled forcommercial use at power plants.For the PCC process, HPE has completed a pilot facility (see diagram on the left) for CO 2capture based on a gas scrubber. It will be set up in cooperation with energy suppliers at apower plant site in the Netherlands in mid-2010 and be subject to tests involving variousscrubbing agents up to 2015. One of the pilot plant's assets is its transportability which allowsit to be deployed under various conditions. Moreover, it is not subject to any specificscrubbing / amine solution; the operator is free to use the agent of his choice. In conjunctionwith German operators and universities, HPE is also supporting the construction of a secondmobile pilot plant for testing CO 2 scrubbing agents – which are not subject to protectiverights – at a power plant in Duisburg.Thanks to joint competence within the Hitachi Group (power plant boiler, turbine, air qualitycontrol and compaction), HPE has developed an overall plant technology which for futureplants cuts efficiency losses from CO 2 capture to under 8 percentage points as against11 – 14 percentage points with today's scrubbing agents and without thermal integration.Present technology scaling is needed for CCS plants to be commercially realized. This isalready the case on the demo plant scale. In fact, Hitachi project realization is close on handin Canada and the USA. An additional required enlargement of the components – as thefinal step to complete CO 2 capture in utility power plants – is being looked into in detailunder ongoing projects.Thermal integration of the CO 2 flue gas scrubber into thepower plant operationCommercial realization of theCO 2 flue gas scrubberCO 2CO 2CompactionCO 2Heat integrationCoolingEl. powerFuelAirAir/fluegas systemFlue gasHeatWater/steamcirculation,Turbine,GeneratorFlue gasCondensateSteamFlue gascleaning &CO 2 captureCleanedflue gasEl. power105 m70 mHeat integration12
Oxyfuel TechnologyExaminations have been conducted both inside and outside the Group for many years nowinto oxyfuel technology on the pilot plant scale by Hitachi Power Europe in associationwith both universities and partners.Oxyfuel Process Flow DiagramSteam circulationAirseparationSteam generator DeNO unit ASUx N 2Heat discharge HeatCO 2displacement compressionAirsystemCO 2O 2Draft fanElectrostaticCoalFGDDrying andprecipitatorafter-cleaningFlue gas recycleAshSulphurH 2 OH 2 OH 2 OValuable findings have been collected into the operational basics and design software fora variety of components has been adapted to the revised requirements.These findings have been made use of, for instance, in designing a new DS ® -T burner forfiring dry fuels. This burner was successfully tested in a 30 MWth experimental combustionfacility under air combustion conditions in 2009 / 2010. The fuels used were dry lignite,bituminous coal and dust-like biomass. The fact that stable combustion was maintained underadherence to the relevant emission data is proof of the high flexibility of HPE's technology.The second step saw this burner – under a technology partnership scheme with energysupplier Vattenfall – being successfully tested in the “Schwarze Pumpe” oyxyfuel pilot plantup to April 2010 and placed into service. Combustion optimization is now proceeding.The findings will flow into the design of an oxyfuel demonstration plant which is currentlybeing planned.In conjunction with sister companies, HPE also validates the design fundamentals andmaterials / catalyst materials for other major components, such as the desulphurizationand denitrification equipment of oxyfuel flue gases, and materials for the boiler.Flame images of the burner testswith dry lignite (top), biomass (center)and bituminous coal (bottom)Air Quality Control Systems 13
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Page 4 and 5: Experience and Competence in Enviro
Page 6 and 7: Flue Gas DesulphurizationWell withi
Page 8 and 9: Nitrogen Oxide Reduction (DeNO X )C
Page 10 and 11: Mercury ReductionAlways One Step Ah
Page 14 and 15: Post Carbon Capture Plant Integrati
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