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XTable of Contents5.3 Learning from the past to optimise future monitoring . ................................ 37Literature. .............................................................................. 376 Conservation features: Sensitive species and habitatsin the GermanExclusive Economic Zone . .......................................................... 39Jochen Krause6.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 406.2 Status of species and habitats of the North Sea. ........................................ 406.3 Impact of windfarms on species and habitats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426.4 The role of Marine Protected Areas. .................................................... 436.5 Conclusion. ............................................................................ 43Literature. .............................................................................. 437 Challenges, results and perspectives: An interview with Christian Dahlke . ... 45IIMain section8 Oceanographic and geological research at alpha ventus: Instrumentsfor predicting environmental conditions and interactions. ..................... 53Bettina Kühn & Anja Schneehorst8.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 548.1.1 The RAVE Service Project. ................................................................ 548.1.2 Environmental conditions in the North Sea. .............................................. 548.2 Methods ............................................................................... 558.2.1 Study design: Oceanography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558.2.2 Study design: Geology. .................................................................. 578.3 Results and discussion ................................................................. 608.3.1 Currents. ............................................................................... 608.3.2 Scouring effects. ........................................................................ 618.4 Perspectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648.5 Acknowledgements. ................................................................... 64Literature. .............................................................................. 659 Rapid increase of benthic structural and functional diversityat the alpha ventus offshore test site . ............................................. 67Lars Gutow, Katharina Teschke, Andreas Schmidt,Jennifer Dannheim, Roland Krone, Manuela Gusky9.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 689.2 Methods ............................................................................... 689.2.1 Study design. ........................................................................... 689.2.2 Data collection. ......................................................................... 699.2.3 Data analysis. ........................................................................... 739.3 Results and discussion ................................................................. 739.3.1 Epifauna. ............................................................................... 749.3.2 Infauna. ................................................................................ 759.3.3 Biofouling on the foundation structures. ................................................. 77