fem modelling of a bellows and a bellows- based micromanipulator

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FEM modelling of a bellows and a bellows-based micromanipulatorVI. Annexlplovrotat,all,,,,,,1,2,360,8LSEL,ALLLESIZE,ALL,,,30! Plots lines (to control the shape)! Creates the 3D-model by rotating the areas! Selects all lines! Specifies 30 divisions! for all new created lines!! ************************************************! * Meshing *! ************************************************!MSHAPE,0,3D! Specifies the element shape to be used! (allows mapped meshes)MSHKEY,1! Specifies mapped meshingVMESH,ALL! Generates nodes and volumes elements within volumesASEL,ALL! Selects all areasASEL,S,LOC,Y,t+2*r1+t+r2! Selects areas located on the very topCM,bordsup,AREA! Creates a area-component called 'bordsup'asel,all! Selects all areasasel,s,,,14,164,25! Selects various areas belongingasel,a,,,188! to the extern surface of the bellowsasel,a,,,18,168,25 ! "asel,a,,,191 ! "asel,a,,,9,159,25 ! "asel,a,,,20,170,25 ! "asel,a,,,24,174,25 ! "asel,a,,,28,178,25 ! "asel,a,,,184 ! "asel,a,,,192,198,3 ! "CM,EXTERN,AREA! Creates a area-component called 'extern'asel,all! Selects all areasasel,s,,,12,162,25! Selects various areas belongingasel,a,,,17,167,25! to the intern surface of the bellowsasel,a,,,32,150,25 ! "asel,a,,,22,182,25 ! "asel,a,,,26,186,25 ! "asel,a,,,30,190,25 ! "asel,a,,,1 ! "asel,a,,,157 ! "asel,a,,,194,200,3 ! "asel,a,,,182,190,4 ! "CM,INTERN,AREA! Creates a area-component called 'intern'ASEL,ALL! Selects all areasASEL,S,LOC,Y,-r2! Selects areas located on the very bottomCM,bordinf,AREA! Creates a area-component called 'bordinf'!! ************************************************! * Creating Rigid region *! ************************************************!N,30000,0,t+2*r1+t+r2! Creates node 30'000 for the rigid regionET,2,MASS21! Defines element type no.2 to MASS21KEYOPT,2,3! Sets element to make the element be only a massR,2,0.000001! Sets the mass of that element to quasi zeroTYPE,2 ! Sets the element types attribute pointer to 2REAL,2 ! Sets the element real constant attribute pointer to 2E,30000,2 ! Defines mass-element by node 30'000CMSEL,S,intern,AREA! Selects 'intern' areasNSLA,S,1! Selects corresponding nodesNSEL,R,LOC,Y,t+2*r1+t+r2! Reselects only those at the top of the bellows (slave)NSEL,A,,,30000! Selects also node 30'000 (master)CERIG,30000,ALL! Defines rigid region by those selected nodesSAVE,meshed3d,db,! Saves database to 'meshed3d.db'49
VI. AnnexFEM modelling of a bellows and a bellows-based micromanipulatorc) 3D shell43 modelFINISH! Exits previous processor/CLEAR! Erases the database/PREP7! Enters pre-processorET,1,SHELL43! Defines element type no.1 to SHELL43MP,ex,1,161E+6! Sets Young's Modulus to 1'160 PaMP,nuxy,1,0.3! Sets Poisson’s ratioA=6.35! Outer diameter AB=3.81! Inner diameter BD=0.7832! Convolution pitch Dl0=18.7960 ! Total convolution's length L 0t=0.0381! Wall thickness tr1=(D-2*t)/4 ! Calculated inner radius r 1r2=r1 ! Calculated outer radius r 2m=(A/2)-r2-r1-2*t-(B/2)! Straight part mpi=acos(-1)! Definition of πR,1,t,t,t,t,0,! Setting shell elements nodes' thickness to tK, ,,,, ! Rotation's axis keypoint 1K, ,,1,, ! Rotation's axis keypoint 2K, ,B/2+r2+t+m,r1,, ! Centre of top circleK, ,B/2+r2+t,2*r1+r2,, ! Centre of middle circleK, ,B/2+r2+t,-r2,, ! Centre of bottom circlecircle,3,r1,,,360,! Draws top circlecircle,4,r2,,,360,! Draws middle circlecircle,5,r2,,,360,! Draws bottom circleLDELE,5,8,3 , ,1! Deletes unneeded linesLDELE,9,12,3 , ,1 ! " " "LDELE,2,3,1 , ,1 ! " " "LDELE,6,11,5,,1 ! " " "KDELE,3,5,1,,1! Deletes unneeded keypointsKDELE,1,2,1,,1 ! " " "LSTR,7,13! Builds straight wallsLSTR,9,15! Builds straight wallsLSEL,S,,,6,7,1! Selects some linesLSEL,A,,,10,11,1 ! " " "LSEL,A,,,1,4,3 ! " " "LESIZE,ALL,,,5! Specifies 5 division for those linesLSEL,S,,,2,3,1! Selects some linesLESIZE,ALL,,,15! Specifies 15 division for this set of linesAROTATE,ALL,,,,,,1,2,360,8! Creates the 3D model by rotating areasLESIZE,ALL,,,30! Specifies 30 division for each new created lineMSHAPE,0,2D! Specifies the element shape to be usedMSHKEY,1! Specifies that map meshing should be uses for meshingAMESH,ALL! Generates nodes and shell elementsENORM, 68! Specifies the elements' orientation to be! the same as element 68, because during the AROTATE,! some elements are created with different orientation,! and this can be wrong when applying pressure to all! elements together!FINISH! Exits the pre-processorSAVE,shell43,db,! Saves the database to 'shell43.db'50
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Helsinki University of Technology C
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PrefaceThe author wishes to thank t
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