presentation, part 1 - Molecular Evolution

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Models are Important!Uncorrected!Corrected!1!3!1!6!• internal branches are differentially lengthened with correction• can have the effect of making internal nodes disproportionatelyolder
Monkey! Human!Whale! Hippo!TimeUsing these fossil agesas calibrations willcause systematicunderestimatesUsing this fossil agewill give betterestimatesThe Tree• fossil ages may or may not be close to the nodesthat we’re using as calibrations
Page 1 and 2:
How to Study an Island (Madagascar)
Page 3 and 4:
Using Tree Thinking to Reconstructt
Page 5 and 6:
Rush hour traffic in Madagascar
Page 8 and 9:
Imbalance & Endemism in !Madagascar
Page 11 and 12:
Dr. Chris Scotese (Arizona State)Th
Page 13 and 14:
Vicariance?(“paleo-endemics”)Di
Page 15 and 16:
(i.e., the end of the“age of dino
Page 17 and 18:
Montane rainforest!(Annual rainfall
Page 19 and 20:
Has central plateau served as a bar
Page 21:
1! 2! 3!10 mya (+1.8)1! 2! 3!9.2 my
Page 24:
Human Impact:- Humans arrived in Ma
Page 27 and 28:
So what are we going to doabout it?
Page 29 and 30: Rodents
Page 31 and 32: LEMURS!!LEMURS!!
Page 33 and 34: Photo by David Haring
Page 35 and 36: Photo by Franz Lanting
Page 37 and 38: Photo by me
Page 39 and 40: Photo by David Haring
Page 41 and 42: Ascending Pharyngeal Artery!
Page 43 and 44: Genetic Consensus of Strepsirrhine
Page 45 and 46: Archaeoindris!Mouse lemur!
Page 47: Office!Main lab!Thermocycler!Gel el
Page 51 and 52: Megaladapis cytochrome b sequences
Page 53: Extinct &Extant lemursform a cladeA
Page 57 and 58: Single dispersal:lemurs (Yoder et a
Page 59 and 60: “Hard” polytomy versus “Soft
Page 61 and 62: Lineage SortingComplete Lineage Sor
Page 63 and 64: Developing New Lemur-Specific Loci
Page 65 and 66: 22 out of 25 nodeshave bootstrapsup
Page 67 and 68: “Ignoring temporal information ob
Page 69 and 70: What is the Molecular Clock Hypothe
Page 71 and 72: Raw Genetic Differences"Species 1:
Page 73 and 74: The Molecular ClockThe Present0.10s
Page 75 and 76: The Molecular ClockThe Present0.022
Page 77 and 78: T3C2C1T2T1Rate and Time are confoun
Page 79: General Time Reversible (6-paramete
Page 83 and 84: We need a method that …!• allow
Page 85 and 86: Major Innovation …• Both method
Page 87 and 88: Parameter Estimates by Data Partiti
Page 90 and 91: Figure 1 Middle Eocene lorisiforms
Page 93 and 94: N8N9N10C3N1N3N4N5N6N7N11C2N2C8C1C7C
Page 95 and 96: Excellent data quality; very good t
Page 97 and 98: Poor data quality; good taxon sampl
Page 99 and 100: Table 4 Posterior means and 95% cre
Page 101 and 102: Lessons learned (a few):• Multipl
Page 103 and 104: Bayesian analysis of new data set,
Page 105 and 106: At precisely 65 mya, an asteroid ne
Page 107 and 108: David A. Kring and Daniel D. Durda,
Page 113 and 114: Hypothetical IslandChain between Af
Page 115 and 116: Malagasy!lemuriforms!AMalagasy!carn
Page 117 and 118: The Davie Ridge: Possible Sub-aeria
Page 119 and 120: Cenozoic!Crown-basedSouthern RouteS
Page 121 and 122: SWEEPSTAKES!
Page 123 and 124: Reconstructed Indian Ocean currents
Page 125 and 126: Current Data (presence/absence;mole
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