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Storage modulus (Pa)1.80E+101.60E+10CB10TSS1.40E+10Albipox1.20E+10Timberset1.00E+108.00E+96.00E+94.00E+92.00E+90.00E+90.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0Temperature (ºC)(a)Loss modulus (Pa)2.500E+09CB10TSS2.000E+09AlbipoxTimberset1.500E+091.000E+095.000E+080.000E+000.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0Temperature (ºC)(b)Tan delta1.200E+001.000E+008.000E+016.000E+014.000E+012.000E+010.000E+000.01.200E+00CB10TSSAlbipoxTimbersetTan delta1.000E+008.000E+016.000E+014.000E+01CB10TSSAlbipoxTimberset2.000E+0140.0 60.0 80.0 100.0Temperature (ºC)120.00.000E+000.0 50.0 100.0 150.0Temperature (ºC)200.0(c)Figure 4. Graphs of: (a) storage modulus, E’, (b) loss modulus, E”, and(b) tan d versus temperature for all adhesive (control specimens).Table 1. Thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives.Tg* E’** Bending strength*** MOE**** * Tg based on onset E’ curve.*** Bending strength.**** MOE values from static bending test (Ahmad et al.42
Z. Ahmad et almodulus in the rubbery plateau region is proportional toeither the number of crosslinks or the chain length betweenentanglements (Menard 1999). The rubbery plateaumodulus for Timberset is higher than the other adhesiveswhich is also another prove that Timberset has highercrosslinking effect.This is probably due to better interfacial bonds. The tanbetween the ceramic particles and the adhesive matrix, butits greater width points to the higher degree of crosslinking(Ward & Hadley 1993).This observation is supported by the results of bendingtest for different curing times conducted by the authors(Ahmad et al of fully crosslinked structure.The polymer molecules experience reduced chainmobility as the reinforcing effect of the ceramic particlesdominates. This is also evidenced from the viscosity testwhere the viscosity of Timberset was not determined as ithas a very high viscosity and crosslinks rapidly (hardenedvery fast). Timberset suggests that the interaction with the heavily polymer mobility.Effect of High Temperature and High Humidity onthe Thermal Properties of the AdhesivesTo determine the effect of temperatures and high humidityon thermal properties of adhesives, they were evaluated the experiment was repeated for another two batches of2 summarizes the thermal properties of the adhesives. the control curve. the curve shifts back close towards the control curve. Thisbut the moisture induces plasticization which reduces theT g but the peaks of these curves vary in magnitude comparedto the control samples.T g based on the onset of E’ curves hardly changes. When right of the curve for control specimen, so T g values are9080706050403020100CB10TSSAlbipoxTimberset0 10 20 30 40 50DaysFigure 5. The effect of curing time on flexural strength of all adhesives (Ahmad et al. 2009).43
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