dod tactical herbicide sites - United States Department of Defense

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DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 5Location: Area B, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MarylandDates June – July 1953Activity Description: Experiments were conducted on field grown crops todetermine the feasibility of using an experimental spray tower mounted on a pickuptruck to simulate aerial spray applications of chemical anti-crop agents. In addition,since anti-crop agents were to be deployed from a bomber aircraft, it was essential toobtain crop yield data when sprays were applied under simulated tactical operationalconditions.Assessment: The tests were conducted on Area B, Camp Detrick, Maryland,The Purple mixture of technical butyls of 2,4-D/2,4,5-T was applied to 1-acre plotsof soybeans and sweet potatoes at a rate of 0.05 lbs/A. The chemical mixture wassprayed from a 20-foot tower mounted on a pickup truck. The agent was applied inthe evening under inversion conditions, and with a wind velocity between 2 and 3mph and a direction parallel to the crop rows. Chemical Corps personnel wereresponsible for both the spray operations and the preparation and handling of thetactical herbicide.Source: Acker RM, Hartmeyer RW, Bullard WE, and Johnson WB (January 15,1954): Field Development of Chemical Anticrop Agents, Series 2, Response of FieldGrown Crops to Chemical Anticrop Agents Released from an Experimental SprayTower. Special Report No. 201, Chemical Corps, Biological Laboratories, CampDetrick, Frederick, Maryland. Document declassified 4 November 1954 but subjectto export control. Available from the Defense Documentation Center, AccessionNumber AD49420.22
DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 6Location: Fort Ritchie, Cascade, MarylandDates April 1956 – September 1957Activity Description: In 1956 and 1957, 577 chemicals were screened forthe best available tactical defoliants, desiccants, and vegetation control agents.Selection of suitable agents was determined by evaluating environmental conditions,spray techniques, and formulations that increased the effectiveness of the defoliantsand desiccants.Assessment: Selected coniferous and deciduous trees native to the Fort RitchieReservation, Cascade, Maryland, were selected for treatment with 5, 60, 500, and1,000 parts-per-million (ppm) applications of various 2,4-D and 2,4,5-Tformulations. All applications were done by hand application. Sprays with thetechnical butyl esters of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T were found to be most effective asdefoliants. The applications of the tactical herbicides and the preparation of theformulations were the responsible of the personnel from the Biological WarfareLaboratories, Fort Detrick, Maryland.Source: Preston WH, Downing CR, Hess CE (July 1959): Defoliation andDesiccation. Biological Warfare Laboratory Technical Report Number 16, CropsDivision, Director of Biological Research, Army Chemical Corps Research andDevelopment Command, US Army Biological Warfare Laboratories, Fort Detrick,Frederick, Maryland. The document declassified July 1971 but subject to exportcontrol. Available from the Defense Documentation Center, Accession NumberAD31980.23
Page 1 and 2: The History of the USDepartment of
Page 3 and 4: INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298B
Page 5 and 6: Table of ContentsPage/sAbstract 3Th
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Page 13 and 14: highly trained air and ground-suppo
Page 15 and 16: Administration (Tactical Herbicides
Page 17 and 18: Buckingham WA (1982): The Air Force
Page 19 and 20: Tactical Herbicides Deployed in Vie
Page 21 and 22: Search Strategy for Historical Docu
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Page 31 and 32: In support of the test and evaluati
Page 33 and 34: aspen, and vaccinium. The 1963 test
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Page 43 and 44: extended to a height of 50 feet wit
Page 45 and 46: DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSites 1
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Page 51 and 52: species found on the north side of
Page 57: Sources: Buckner JE (2 January 1969
Page 62 and 63: Majka JT, Cheng HH, McNeal BL (1982
Page 64 and 65: discussion, the United States Air F
Page 66 and 67: (TCDD) was complete, and preliminar
Page 68 and 69: No records could be found of how th
Page 70 and 71: Assessment: A total of 358 acres of
Page 72 and 73: Assessment: On 8 October 1973, test
Page 74 and 75: would require about 1,000 steel cyl
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e continually maintained while the
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DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 32
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Sources: Department of the Air Forc
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and those who participated in Opera
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dod tactical herbicide sites - United States Department of Defense

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