dod tactical herbicide sites - United States Department of Defense

species found on the north side of Puerto Rico; the Toro Negro site was located in theUpper Cordillera Forest and was characterized by lower temperatures and higher rainfallthan the Lower Cordillera Forests; the El Verde and Jimenez sites were in the LuquilloNational Forests in areas that represented the best developed forests in Puerto Rico. Thelands were the sites were located were provided by either private individuals, companies,the Federal Experiment Station in Puerto Rico, or the Commonwealth Division ofForestry of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.Assessment: Herbicides treatments were made by two different methods. Groundapplications were made with a telescoping pole sprayer designed to cover a 40-footdiameter circle. The sprayer was calibrated to spray 10 gallons of liquid per acre. Aerialapplications were accomplished with a Hughes 300 helicopter delivering 1.5 or 3.0gallons per acre in a 35-foot swath at 45 miles per hour. All applications were made neartree-top level. The herbicides applied in the various Puerto Rico sites included theisooctyl esters of picloram (Fort Detrick formulation M-3142); a 2:2:1 mixture of theisooctyl esters of 2,4-D:2,4,5-T:picloram (Fort Detrick formulation M-3140); a 4:1mixture of 2,4,5-T:picloram (Fort Detrick formulation M-2993); and the tacticalherbicides Orange, Purple, and White. In addition to Herbicide Blue, three other contactherbicides were evaluated, monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA), paraquat, and diquat.The rates varied from 3 lbs/A (White), to 6 lbs/A (Blue), and up to 24 lbs/A (Orange).A randomized block design with one or two replications was used in each test site. Landavailability, topography, number of treatments, and application equipment determined thenumber of replications and plot size. For aerial applications, two replications of 1-acreplots (175 by 249 feet) were treated with a helicopter calibrated for delivering 10 gallonsof liquid per acre; thus rate calculations were based upon that volume. Ester formulationswere sprayed in diesel oil, while amine and sodium salt formulations were sprayed inwater.Twelve scientists with the Agricultural Research Service were responsibly for designing,conducting, and evaluating the research plots. Additional personnel from the AgriculturalResearch Service provided the support for the treatments and mixing of the herbicides.The three tactical herbicides, Herbicides Orange, White, and Blue and the proposedcandidates M-2993, M-3140, and M-3142 were provided by Fort Detrick, FrederickMaryland.Sources: Mattie VZ (1964): Proceedings of the First Defoliation Conference, 29-30July 1963. United States Army Chemical Corps’ Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick,Frederick, Maryland. Document is unclassified but subject to export control. Availablefrom the Defense Technical Information Center, Accession Number AD0427874.Darrow RA, Mattie VZ (1965): Proceedings of the Second Defoliation Conference, 5-6August 1964. United States Army Chemical Corps’ Biological Laboratories, FortDetrick, Frederick, Maryland. Document is unclassified but subject to export control.Available from the Defense Documentation Center, Accession Number AD0329567.47