dod tactical herbicide sites - United States Department of Defense

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Majka JT, Cheng HH, McNeal BL (1982): Mobility of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T n-Butyl Estersin Soils Following Massive Applications to Field Mini-Lysimeters. J Environ Qual 11(4): 650-655.SAIC (1989): Final Decision Document for Herbicide Orange Test Area, Utah Test andTraining Range, North Range, Utah. US Air Force Installation Restoration Program, HillAir Force Base, Utah. Prepared Under Interagency Agreement No 40-1760-86 byScience Applications International Corporation, McLean, Virginia. Submitted to US AirForce Logistics Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Unclassified, available forpublic distribution.58
DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 25Location: Reformulation of Herbicide Orange for Domestic orForeign Use, Bound-Brook, New JerseyDate → April 1972 – January 1973Activity Description: One method selected for the potential disposal of thesurplus 2.3 million gallons of Herbicide Orange remaining after the Vietnam War was theoption of donating or selling the herbicide to private industry, or to another United StatesGovernment Agency. For example, a significant portion of the total land area of theUnited States was used for pasture and grazing purposes, and weeds and brush presenteda major problem on these lands. Various species of undesirable brush and trees andnumerous noxious (foreign) weeds dominated some 320 million acres of US rangelandand pastures, and the application of phenoxy herbicides, such as found in HerbicideOrange, could be an economical method of increasing the quality and grazing capacity ofthese lands. Moreover, in April 1972 representatives from the Blue Spruce Company,Bound-Brook, New Jersey and from the International Research Institute, a RockefellerFoundation affiliate, contacted the Air Force Logistics Command proposing toreformulate Herbicide Orange and sell or donate it to a number of South AmericanGovernments, including Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, and Surinam. The basic plan wasto have the Air Force donate the herbicide for use to improve rangelands in the upperAmazon Basins of South America. The Herbicide Orange would be reformulated(diluted) and repackaged for ground application under controlled conditions. AFLCadvised the Blue Spruce Company that “it had no objection, but recommended that theproposed governments that would be involved would employ Blue Spruce Company toreformulate and repackage the Herbicide Orange.” From May 1972 through January1973, 121 drums (6,655) gallons of Herbicide Orange were shipped to the Blue SpruceCompany.Assessment: As a “Tactical Herbicide”, Herbicide Orange was not an EPA (USEnvironmental Protection Agency) registered pesticide, and as such could not bedomestically used or sold. However, the 2.3 million gallons of surplus represented aresource of considerable monetary value. Beginning in May 1972 the Blue SpruceCompany experimented on reformulating and diluting the Herbicide Orange.Simultaneously, the Company (with the assistance of the International Research Institute)initiated discussions with the Brazilian Government and with the US EPA. After morethan one year negotiating with US and South American Government Agencies, letters ofsupport for the proposal were not forthcoming. Accordingly, after a great deal of59
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The History of the USDepartment of
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298B
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Table of ContentsPage/sAbstract 3Th
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The History of the US Department of
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eing evaluated, i.e. potential expo
Page 11 and 12: The Distinction Between Tactical an
Page 13 and 14: highly trained air and ground-suppo
Page 15 and 16: Administration (Tactical Herbicides
Page 17 and 18: Buckingham WA (1982): The Air Force
Page 19 and 20: Tactical Herbicides Deployed in Vie
Page 21 and 22: Search Strategy for Historical Docu
Page 23 and 24: DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 2L
Page 31 and 32: In support of the test and evaluati
Page 33 and 34: aspen, and vaccinium. The 1963 test
Page 35 and 36: DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSite 12
Page 43 and 44: extended to a height of 50 feet wit
Page 45 and 46: DOD TACTICAL HERBICIDE SITESSites 1
Page 49 and 50: Seven tests were also conducted at
Page 51 and 52: species found on the north side of
Page 57: Sources: Buckner JE (2 January 1969
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Page 66 and 67: (TCDD) was complete, and preliminar
Page 68 and 69: No records could be found of how th
Page 70 and 71: Assessment: A total of 358 acres of
Page 72 and 73: Assessment: On 8 October 1973, test
Page 74 and 75: would require about 1,000 steel cyl
Page 76 and 77: e continually maintained while the
Page 80 and 81: Sources: Department of the Air Forc
Page 82 and 83: and those who participated in Opera
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