Organic Chemistry Structures of Organic Compounds

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4 Addition to alkeneBrBr 2very fastBrReactions of Alkyl Halides5 Nucleophilic SubstitutionNC- +INC+IMany examples of substitution reactions. (For OH - need dilute solutions, see below)6 Elimination of HXHO-Ihot+ + I +conc.H baseH 2O7 Reactions with Group 1 or 2 metals Li / Mgδ+ δ-Mgδ- δ+BrMgBr= OrganometallicOetherS N 2 Reactions (5)BrNaI + δ- 2-propanone Iδ++NaBr (ppt)Kinetics process of process - d[EtBr]/dt = k[EtBr] 1 [I - ] 1Second order – bimolecular; these kinetics are observed for MeX, 1° RX (RCH 2 X) and 2° RX(RR'CHX) BUT NOT FOR 3° RX (RR'R"CX)
Called S N 2 “substitution nucleophilic bimolecular”Go from 1 isomer to a different isomer; i.e., Inverted stereochemistry at the reaction centreMost nucleophilic substitutions take place this way.NC-NCBrtransOcisMechanism of the S N 2 ReactionHO-HCHHBrHOHHCHBr_HOHCHH+BrThe S N 1 Reaction – another substitution reactionAs we saw above, 1° and 2° alkyl halides mostly undergo S N 2 reactions. For 3° alkyl halides,however, need very polar solvents and non-basic nucleophiles to observe nucleophilic substitution. However,the kinetics are different.(CH 3 ) 3 CBr + N 3-Azidefasterin→ (CH 3 ) 3 C-N 3polarsolventRate Law (Experimental !) Rate = k[RBr] 1
Page 1 and 2: Organic ChemistryYou will need to b
Page 3 and 4: C=C, CH,AromaticC=O, C-O, C-C, CHCa
Page 5 and 6: These combine to give a π-bondHHCC
Page 7 and 8: Your eyeH HHHH HH HHHHHWhen there a
Page 9 and 10: longest chain = 4= butane2) if same
Page 11 and 12: Therefore C=C is more reactive than
Page 13 and 14: 1. Molecular FormulaC 4 H 8 C 3 H 8
Page 15 and 16: hard to start reactions. Reactions
Page 19: 793(C 5 H 10 )4.1 AAlkyl Halides ?
Page 23 and 24: Cl+ Ag + ClAg C + ClpptAgNuNuThis i
Page 25 and 26: H 3 C δ + -Iδ -+ Mg → H 3 C δ-
Page 27 and 28: These are extremely reactive almost
Page 29 and 30: HXHC +XHXX = OH, need H + as cataly
Page 31 and 32: Alcohols PreparationS N 2 of alkyl
Page 33 and 34: Reactions of AlcoholsPreparation of
Page 35 and 36: 3 o Alcoholno reaction at normal te
Page 37 and 38: ON+H 2NNH 2 NH2 +H 2Oin EtOHO+H 2NN
Page 39 and 40: (Phenyl acetic acid)1 o Alcohol + A

Organic Chemistry Structures of Organic Compounds

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