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<strong>TERENA</strong> Compendium of National Research and Education Networks In Europe /Users/Clients2.4 Number of Connections to Universitiesand BandwidthIt should be noted that the organisational set-up of universities and otherinstitutes can be very different from country to country. For example, in somecountries research institutes are part of universities; in other countries, theyare not. Some countries have relatively few but large universities; others havemany, but smaller ones. Also, some universities have a single link to the NREN; inother cases, separate faculties or schools that form part of a university, but aregeographically at different locations, have their own connections. All of that mayobviously have an effect on university bandwidth requirements.When looking at aggregateddata over the past five years, itis possible to see a clear trend.In 2003, the ‘average’ universitywas connected at Megabitcapacity. By 2008, that hadchanged to Gigabit capacity.The trend is similar, thoughless pronounced, in the othercountries.Graph 2.4.1 University Bandwidth,EU/EFTA Countries2.5 Percentage of SchoolsConnected through theNRENThe following graphs provide information about thepercentage of all secondary and primary schoolsthat are connected through the NREN, according toestimates supplied by the NRENs.Note that aside from the connection itself, theconnection method and the type of servicesoffered are also important. Thus, in the UK,schools are not connected directly to the NRENbut via the regional broadband consortia orlocal authorities who use the NREN as theirbackbone. Schools receive a reduced set ofservices. In other countries, schools may beconnected directly to the NREN backbone andmay receive an extended set of services, tailoredto the needs of schools.The graphs show that in a number of countries,the coverage is either 100% or close to it. In manycountries, connections to schools are fundedcentrally through ministries of education. Notealso that in some countries, such as Denmark,connecting primary and / or secondary schoolsis not done by the NREN itself but by anotherorganisation; sometimes, as in Denmark, thesetwo organisations are closely related.Note that the information is sorted by percentageof secondary schools connected, in order to presentan easier view of the differences between NRENs inthis area.28
<strong>TERENA</strong> Compendium of National Research and Education Networks In Europe /Users/ClientsGraph 2.5.1 Percentage of Schools Connected throughthe NREN, EU/EFTA CountriesGraph 2.5.2 Percentage of Schools Connected throughthe NREN, Other Countries29
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