FeaturesCourtesy of Adolf BusemannShock waves: Underst<strong>and</strong>ing themwas essential for developing planesthat could break the sound barrierwithout destroying the aircraft. In anexclusive interview, aerodynamicistpioneer Adolf Busemann discussesthis <strong>and</strong> many of his other groundbreakingideas. /Above, Busemann(left) poses at the important 1935 Europeanaerodynamics meeting in Italywith two of his colleagues, Wieselsberger(center) <strong>and</strong> Ackeret.223342An FEF Proposal Based on <strong>Riemann's</strong> MethodBreaking the Impasse in Inertial Confinement <strong>Fusion</strong>Dr. Steven Bardwell <strong>and</strong> Uwe ParpartStrong shock waves, as Bernhard Riemann discussed them in an 1859paper, may be the answer <strong>to</strong> the current problem in laser fusion.Underst<strong>and</strong>ing why this is the case requires fusion scientists <strong>to</strong> take anew look at the concept of energy.An Interview with Adolf Busemann:Pioneer in Shock Waves, Supersonic <strong>Flight</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fusion</strong> PowerBusemann was trained at Gottingen in the 1920s, in the Riemannhydrodynamicist tradition. His work on the V-2 rocket <strong>and</strong> supersonicflight led directly <strong>to</strong> major contributions in magnetic <strong>and</strong> inertialfusion.Exploding the H-Bomb SecretCharles B. StevensA firsth<strong>and</strong> account of the 1979 Progressive magazine court caseprovides some clues as <strong>to</strong> why the U.S. government went <strong>to</strong> suchlengths <strong>to</strong>^block publication of a technically incorrect article onthe H-bomb.Yes <strong>to</strong> Lorraine <strong>and</strong> yes <strong>to</strong> nuclearpower!—the rallying slogans on aposter of the broad-based pronucleargroup formed <strong>to</strong> save the 5,200 MWCattenom nuclear complex in Lorrainefrom the axe of French PresidentMitterr<strong>and</strong>.NewsSPECIAL REPORT15 Res<strong>to</strong>ring Scientific Rigor in EducationFUSION REPORT17 What's Behind the Science Magazine Attack?Reviewing <strong>Laser</strong> <strong>Fusion</strong> Progress19 Classifying Scientific Progress: A Case Example20 Texas Tokamak Dedicated21 DOE Stalls on FED; Bouquard Reconvenes Advisory Panel60 European Panel Recommends Increased <strong>Fusion</strong> EffortINTERNATIONAL47 Launch of Ariane Puts Europe in Space Business47 Mexico: Economic Warfare Threatens Oil-for-Technology49 Group Formed <strong>to</strong> Defend French Nuclear Program49 Iraqi Reac<strong>to</strong>r Could Not Build BombsNATIONAL50 Columbia Readied for Its Second <strong>Flight</strong>WASHINGTON52 Advanced Energy Budget in Holding Pattern; Worse <strong>to</strong> Come52 Remote Sensing; Is the U.S. Losing Its Lead?53 NASA's Beggs: Space Station Is Next
DepartmentsFrom the Edi<strong>to</strong>r's DeskThis issue offers readers a unique opportunity<strong>to</strong> look at the contribution ofthe 19th-century mathematical physicistBernhard Riemann: first, <strong>to</strong> see how <strong>Riemann's</strong>work is essential <strong>to</strong>day <strong>to</strong> solvingthe impasse in inertial fusion research(page 22); second, <strong>to</strong> see how a scientisttrained in the Gottingen tradition in the1920s, Adolf Busemann, used <strong>Riemann's</strong>method <strong>to</strong> make fundamental advancesin aerodynamics (page 33); <strong>and</strong> third, <strong>to</strong>underst<strong>and</strong> how <strong>Riemann's</strong> 1859 paperwas the real secret in the Progressivecase (page 42).We are especially pleased <strong>to</strong> announce in this issue our publication ofan important book by Dr. Friedwardt Winterberg, The Physical Principlesof Thermonuclear Explosive Devices, which is must reading for readerswho want <strong>to</strong> fully underst<strong>and</strong> what the government is trying <strong>to</strong> classify<strong>and</strong> why such classification would inhibit basic scientific research (page44). And, don't miss the wide-ranging interview with author Winterberg(page 54).We also give you some homework! Readers are urged <strong>to</strong> sendtelegrams <strong>and</strong> letters of support <strong>to</strong> the group formed in France <strong>to</strong> defendthe nuclear industry from the antinuclear President Mitterr<strong>and</strong> (page 49).The address is Comite Pour Cattenom, 18 Place du Forum, Metz 57000,France. FEF supporters are also encouraged <strong>to</strong> join our campaign <strong>to</strong>res<strong>to</strong>re scientific rigor <strong>to</strong> U.S. education (page 15). And, for those of youin the New York area, the FEF is sponsoring a special dinner <strong>to</strong> honorAdolf Busemann <strong>and</strong> his work, Thursday, Nov. 5, in New York City. Callor write the FEF for details.Finally, an apology: we regret any confusion we may have causedreaders in the September issue's cover s<strong>to</strong>ry, "The World Needs 10Billion People." Pages 26 <strong>and</strong> 27 should have been numbered 28 <strong>and</strong> 29,<strong>and</strong> vice versa.Marjorie Mazel HechtManaging Edi<strong>to</strong>rFUSIONAT THE FRONTIERS Of SCIENCE AND ENERGVVol. 5, No. 1 Oct.-Nov. 1981EDITORIAL STAFFEdi<strong>to</strong>r-in-ChiefDr. Steven BardwellManaging Edi<strong>to</strong>rMarjorie Mazel HechtAssistant Managing Edi<strong>to</strong>rLydia Dittler Schulman<strong>Fusion</strong> Technology Edi<strong>to</strong>rCharles B. StevensWashing<strong>to</strong>n Edi<strong>to</strong>rMarsha FreemanBiology Edi<strong>to</strong>rCarol ClearyPhysics <strong>and</strong> Astronomy Edi<strong>to</strong>rDr. John SchoonoverEnergy Edi<strong>to</strong>rWilliam EngdahlArt Direc<strong>to</strong>rAlan YuePho<strong>to</strong> Edi<strong>to</strong>rCarlos de HoyosAdvertising ManagerAn<strong>to</strong>n ChaitkinCirculation <strong>and</strong> Subscription ManagerPolly Johnson(212) 247-8820 ext. 667FUSION is published 10 times a year, monthlyexcept March <strong>and</strong> Oc<strong>to</strong>ber, by the <strong>Fusion</strong> EnergyFoundation. Suite 1711, 250 West 57th St.,New York, N.Y. 10019, Tel, (212) 265-3749,Dedicated <strong>to</strong> providing accurate <strong>and</strong> comprehensiveinformation on advanced energy technologies<strong>and</strong> policies, FUSION is committed <strong>to</strong>res<strong>to</strong>ring American scientific <strong>and</strong> technologicalleadership. FUSION coverage of the frontiers ofscience focuses on the self-developing qualitiesof the physical universe in such areas asplasma physics—the basis for fusion power—as weli as biology <strong>and</strong> microphysics, <strong>and</strong> Includesgroundbreaking studies of the his<strong>to</strong>ricaldevelopment of science <strong>and</strong> technology.The views of the FEF are stated in the edi<strong>to</strong>rials.Opinions expressed in articles are notnecessarily those of the FEF direc<strong>to</strong>rs or advisoryboard.Subscriptions by mail are $20 for 10 issuesor $38 lor 20 issues in the USA; $25 for 10issues in Canada. Airmail subscriptions <strong>to</strong>other countries are $40 for 10 issues.Address all correspondence <strong>to</strong> FUSION, <strong>Fusion</strong>Energy Foundation, Suite 1711, 250 West57th St., New York, N.Y. 10019.Second class postage is paid at New York.N.Y. <strong>and</strong> at additional mailing offices.Advertising RepresentativesFUSION'S European advertising representativeis Karl-Heinz Holz. Pf. 3329, 62 Wiesbaden,West Germany, Telephone (06121) 440277.Copyright G 1981<strong>Fusion</strong> Energy FoundationPrinted in Ihe USAAll Rights ReservedISSN 0148-0537USPS 437-370