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4.10 GleysolsGeographical distributionGleysols with their nearly 220,000 km 2 coverage accounts to 5.3% of the soil resources of the European Union. Gleysoslare abundant north of the Paris-Bucharest line, but can be found in smaller inclusions in the southern countries as well.Eight soil units of the Reference Soil Group is present in the EU (Table 4.10., Figure 4.10)Table 4.10 Area of the second level units of GleysolsUnits in the Reference Soil Groupin the EUCodes ofsoil unitsArea in the EUkm 2Calcaric Gleysol GLca 9690Dystric Gleysol GLdy 55085Eutric Gleysol GLeu 75653Haplic Gleysol GLha 14306Histic Gleysol GLhi 3315Humic Gleysol GLhu 44035Mollic Gleysol GLmo 14959Thionic Gleysol GLti 2738Although Calcaric Gleysols are only dominant in five mapping units in Ireland, most of Calcaric Gleysols are found inFrance and England. The majority of Dystric Gleysols are in Ireland and in the western regions of the UK. However, apartfrom the Mediterranean and Balkan countries, this soil type can be found in most other countries of the EU also. Eutrictypes have the larges area coverage among Gleysols, concentrated mainly between the Paris-Bucharest and Glasgow-Helsinki lines. While Germany and France have all the Haplic Gleysols of the EU, Histic Gleysols are exclusive forPoland. Humic Gleysols follow the general pattern of distribution of Gleysols of the EU, but are absent in the Baltic Statesand Finland. Mollic Gleysols are dominant soils in mapping units in England, The Netherlands, Poland, Lithuania, andRomania and form associations with other soils in Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovakia France and Denmark. Thionic Gleysols canbe found as dominant soils on the North-See coastline of Germany.1.51%20.04%6.51%1.25%6.81% 4.41%34.42%25.06%GLcaGLdyGLeuGLhaGLhiGLhuGLmoGLtiFigure 4.10 Share of the second level soil units in the area of GleysolsGlobal referenceGleysols are azonal soils and occur in nearly all climates, from perhumid to arid, mainly in lowland areas where thegroundwater comes close to the surface and the soil is saturated with groundwater for long periods of time.Gleysols occupy an estimated 7.2 million km 2 world-wide.Conditioned by excessive wetness at shallow depth, this type of soil develops gleyic colour patterns made up of reddish,brownish or yellowish colours on ped surfaces or in the upper soil layers, in combination with greyish/bluish colours insidethe peds or deeper in the soil profile. The main obstacle to utilisation of Gleysols is the necessity to install a drainagesystem, designed to either lower the groundwater table, or intercept seepage or surface runoff water. Adequately drainedGleysols can be used for arable cropping, dairy farming or horticulture.Common international names of Gleysosls are Gleyzems (Russia), Gley (Germany), meadow soil, groundwater soil andhydromorphic soil.30
Map 4.10GLEYSOLS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION31
Page 1: Soils of the European UnionGergely
Page 4 and 5: The mission of the Institute for En
Page 7 and 8: Table of ContentsAcknowledgements .
Page 9 and 10: List of MapsMap 3.1 Dominant Refere
Page 11: AcknowledgementsThis report is base
Page 14 and 15: 2. Materials and methods2.1 Soil Ge
Page 16 and 17: 2.3 Nomenclature of soil typesThe S
Page 18 and 19: Characterization of soilsThe author
Page 20 and 21: Map 3.1 DOMINANT REFERENCE SOIL GRO
Page 22 and 23: 4. Spatial distribution of the majo
Page 24 and 25: 4.2 AlbeluvisolsGeographical distri
Page 26 and 27: 4.3 AndosolsGeographical distributi
Page 28 and 29: 4.4 AnthrosolsGeographical distribu
Page 30 and 31: 4.5 ArenosolsGeographical distribut
Page 32 and 33: 4.6 CalcisolsGeographical distribut
Page 34 and 35: 4.7 CambisolsGeographical distribut
Page 36 and 37: 4.8 ChernozemsGeographical distribu
Page 38 and 39: 4.9 FluvisolsGeographical distribut
Page 42 and 43: 4.11 GypsisolsGeographical distribu
Page 44 and 45: 4.12 HistosolsGeographical distribu
Page 46 and 47: 4.13 KastanozemsGeographical distri
Page 48 and 49: 4.14 LeptosolsGeographical distribu
Page 50 and 51: 4.15 LuvisolsGeographical distribut
Page 52 and 53: 4.16 PhaeozemsGeographical distribu
Page 54 and 55: 4.17 PlanosolGeographical distribut
Page 56 and 57: 4.18 PodzolsGeographical distributi
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Page 60 and 61: 4.20 SolonchaksGeographical distrib
Page 62 and 63: 4.21 SolonetzesGeographical distrib
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2.3 Diagnostic propertiesAbrupt tex
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a. in more than 50 percent of the s
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2.5 Other diagnostic criterionCatio
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European CommissionEUR 23439 EN - J
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The mission of the JRC is to provid
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