3. Deep <strong>in</strong>structional improvement vision<strong>in</strong>g is necessary for allschools. The adm<strong>in</strong>istration should work with teachers,perhaps with an educational consultant, to create <strong>and</strong>implement targeted school-wide improvement goals over athree-year period.4. Educators who work <strong>in</strong> schools should be seen—as well asconsider themselves—as “scholars of practice.” As such,cont<strong>in</strong>ued professional development is of utmost importance.Teachers should be receiv<strong>in</strong>g a journal <strong>in</strong> their area, whetherit is the NCTM journal for math or a generic educationaljournal for limudei kodesh teachers. I highly recommend thatthe school subscribe to the Association for Supervision <strong>and</strong>Curriculum Development’s (ASCD) Educational Leadershipmagaz<strong>in</strong>e so that each member receives a copy, if possible.Subscription to <strong>Jewish</strong> Educational Leadership isrecommended as is, perhaps, the Journal of <strong>Jewish</strong> Education.5. Dissem<strong>in</strong>ate anonymous surveys to ascerta<strong>in</strong> school climate,teacher satisfaction, parent satisfaction, <strong>and</strong> studentsatisfaction (with graduat<strong>in</strong>g class). Alumni data should alsobe collected. 20[For further <strong>in</strong>formation, read the discussion of teach<strong>in</strong>gbelow <strong>in</strong>: An Overview of Best Practices <strong>in</strong> Supervision <strong>and</strong>Professional Development.]Research literature demonstrates that effective schools are ones <strong>in</strong>which primary attention is devoted to teacher quality (Heck, 2007).Research <strong>in</strong>dicates that better teachers lead to higher studentachievement (Brophy & Good, 1986). School leaders must articulate acommitment to high-quality <strong>in</strong>struction <strong>and</strong> provide the support toenable their teachers, through curriculum development <strong>and</strong>supervision, to offer high- quality <strong>in</strong>struction. School boards,especially, must be attuned to the importance of <strong>in</strong>structional qualityas the ma<strong>in</strong> responsibility of school adm<strong>in</strong>istrators (Birkel<strong>and</strong>, 2008).Their efforts <strong>and</strong> back<strong>in</strong>g are imperative to ensure <strong>in</strong>structionalexcellence <strong>and</strong> high levels of student achievement.46
Promot<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Instructional</strong> Excellence“If we desire <strong>in</strong>structional excellence, we must be prepared tofight for it, dem<strong>and</strong> it, <strong>and</strong> rid the ranks of those <strong>in</strong>capable orunwill<strong>in</strong>g to be excellent.”John A. Black & Fenwick W. English (1997)The material that follows <strong>in</strong>cludes suggestions to improve theschool’s academic program <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e with best practices culled from boththe latest research <strong>and</strong> literature <strong>in</strong> the field of <strong>in</strong>structional quality. 21Ideas are also culled from everyday practices observed <strong>in</strong> <strong>Jewish</strong> dayschools <strong>and</strong> yeshivot. It <strong>in</strong>cludes the follow<strong>in</strong>g three areas of bestpractices: teach<strong>in</strong>g, curriculum development, <strong>and</strong> PD (supervision).Please note that the <strong>in</strong>formation that follows <strong>in</strong> the next three subsectionsis meant as <strong>in</strong>troductory because an entire volume can bewritten on each of these topics alone. I have selected practices thatresearch <strong>in</strong>dicates have the highest correlations with studentachievement. In the annotated references section later <strong>in</strong> themonograph other works are cited for readers <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong> a fullertreatment of the subject.An Overview of Best Practices <strong>in</strong> Teach<strong>in</strong>g“Before I stepped <strong>in</strong>to my first classroom as a teacher, I thoughtteach<strong>in</strong>g was ma<strong>in</strong>ly <strong>in</strong>struction, partly perform<strong>in</strong>g, certa<strong>in</strong>lybe<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> front <strong>and</strong> at the center of classroom life. Later, withmuch chaos <strong>and</strong> some pa<strong>in</strong>, I learned that this is the least of it –teach<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>cludes a more splendorous range of actions. Teach<strong>in</strong>g is<strong>in</strong>struct<strong>in</strong>g, advis<strong>in</strong>g, counsel<strong>in</strong>g, organiz<strong>in</strong>g, assess<strong>in</strong>g, guid<strong>in</strong>g,goad<strong>in</strong>g, show<strong>in</strong>g, manag<strong>in</strong>g, model<strong>in</strong>g, coach<strong>in</strong>g, discipl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g,prodd<strong>in</strong>g, preach<strong>in</strong>g, persuad<strong>in</strong>g, proselytiz<strong>in</strong>g, listen<strong>in</strong>g,<strong>in</strong>teract<strong>in</strong>g, nurs<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>spir<strong>in</strong>g.”William Ayers (2004, p. 119)47
- Page 1 and 2: Improving InstructionalQuality in J
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Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and
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Burke, P. J., & Krey, R. D. (2005).
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Downey, C. J., Steffy, B. E., Posto
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Fullan, M. (2005). Leadership and s
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Good, T., & Brophy, J. E. (2007). L
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Johnson, C. C., & Fargo, J. D. (201
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Marzano, R. J., & Brown, J. L. (200
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Popham, W. J. (2008a). Classroom as
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Shapira-Lishchinsky, O. (2009). Isr
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Tschannen-Moran, M., & McMaster, P.
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Annotated Works on Instructional Le
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This volume is an inspiring introdu
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you want to learn how to teach stud
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AppendicesAppendix A: Instructional
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Suggested responses:1. To be effect
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Appendix C: Assessing Your Role as
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SA A D SD 3. My spoken language as
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Domain 2: The Classroom Environment
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SA A D SD 13. I have a well-defined
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SA A D SD 13. I rarely desire to se
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20. This is a well managed school.
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Appendix F: Teacher Attitude Questi
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41. My colleagues and I usually dis