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Alliteration, the repetition of an initial letter or sound intwo or more closely associated words or syllables:"The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,The furrows followed free;" Samuel Taylor ColeridgeAnacrusis, one or more extra unstressed syllables at thebeginning of a line that are not a part of the regular meterof the poemAnapest, a three-syllable foot with the third beat stressed(~~+)Assonance, repetition, or near repetition, of vowelsounds in two or more syllables: "I saw old Autumn inthe misty morn"—Thomas HoodBlank verse, poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameterCaesura, a pause in a line of poetry indicated by acomma, period, or other mark of punctuationCatalexis, or Truncation, omission of the last, anticipatedbeat in a line of regular poetryConsonance, repetition of the same consonant in closeproximity:"The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,"—Thomas GrayCouplet, a pair of rhymed lines of verse that make acomplete statement:Think what you will, we seize into our handHis plate, his goods, his money, and his lands.—William Shakespeare, Richard IIA heroic couplet is in iambic pentameter.Dactyi, a three-syllable foot with the first beat stressedDimeter, a poetic line of two feetDouble rhyme, a line with two rhyming syllables:The ship was cheered, the harbor cleared"— Samuel Taylor ColeridgeElision, the gradation of two syllables into one, as everinto e're or over into o'erFoot, a measure or unit of rhythm comprising a definite,repeated pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables (Seeiamb, trochee, anapest, and dactyl.)Free verse, poetry without regular meter or rhymeHaiku, Japanese verse form of 17 syllables writtenaccording to strict rulesHeptameter, a poetic line of seven feetHexameter, a poetic line of six feetIamb, a two-syllable foot with the last beat stressed (~ +)Iambic pentameter, a poetic line comprised of fiveiambic syllablesLimerick, a humorous verse that follows a strict pattern:Five anapestic lines, the first, second, and fifth ofwhich have three feet and rhyme; and the third and fourthof which have two feet and rhyme.There was a young lady of NigerWho smiled as she rode on a Tiger;They came back from the rideWith the lady inside,And the smile on the face of the Tiger.—AnonymousMeter, a beat established in a poem by the repetition of apredominant footMonometer, a poetic line of one footOctameter, a poetic line of eight feetOctave, an eight-line stanzaOnomatopoeia, the use of words which convey theirmeaning in their pronunciation: buzz, crackle, pop, sizzlePathetic fallacy, the overuse of personificationPentameter, a poetic line of five feetPyrrhic, a foot consisting of two unaccented syllables(~~>.Quatrain, a four-line stanzaRhyme scheme, the arrangement of end rhymes in apoemRondel, a French verse form consisting of 13 or 14 linesand normally maintaining the rhyme schemeabbmbababbaab. The bold-face lines indicate pairs usedas a refrain and wholly repeated.Sestet, a six-line stanzaSonnet, a fourteen-line poem written in the Italian or theShakespearean form. The Italian form is made of an octaveand a sestet, usually with the rhyme scheme abbaabbacdecde. The Shakespearean form has three quatrains and acouplet, with the rhyme scheme abab eded efef gg.Sonnet sequence, a series of sonnets dealing with onethemeSpondee, a foot consisting of two accented syllables (+ +)Stanza, a repeated division of a poem, usually with itsown meter and rhyme scheme. A stave is a stanza intendedto be sung.Tanka, a Japanese poem of 31 syllables which dealswith friendship, love, and natureTercet, or triplet, a three-Jine stanza or poemTetrameter, a poetic line of four feetTrimeter, a poetic line of three feetTriolet, a French verse form consisting of 8 lines andcharacterized by the repetition of whole lines. The rhymescheme is abaaabab. (The italicized letters indicate repetitionof the entire line.)Trochee, a two-syllable foot with the first beat stressed(+~)Yillanelle, a complex 19-line French poem divided intofive tercets and a final four-line stanza. The rhymescheme is abA aba abA aba abA ab«A (The italicized lettersindicate repetition of the entire line.)