Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid – GHB Gamma-butyrolactone - GBL 1,4 ...

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Analytical Concerns II• Urine analysis - urea can interfere (Di-TMS deriv.)• GHB is a metabolite of other compounds and as a result canbe detected even if no GHB is consumed• Tetrahydrofuran - not normally for human consumption butan overdose has been reported with the GHB metabolitedetected and quantified (Cartigny et al. 2001)• 5-Fluorouracil - consumed as the anti-cancer drug, Ftorafur,the GHB metabolite has been documented (El Sayed andSadee 1983)
Does more advanced decompositionmean greater GHB levels postmortem?• Not necessarily• Although GHB is formed in the putrescine metabolicpathway - it is not the end product• Enzymes involved are ubiquitous in nature• Several strains of bacteria can utilize GHB as a foodsource or produce GHB from succinate (Sohling andGottschalk 1993 and 1996, Henne et al. 1999)
Page 1 and 2:
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Analys
Page 3 and 4:
Formation of GHB from GABAOH 2 NOHG
Page 5 and 6:
• Synthesized in 1960 by Laborit
Page 7 and 8: Some Clinical Uses of GHB• Anaese
Page 9 and 10: HOOHH 2 NOHGHBOGABAOOOHO1,4 BDOHGBL
Page 11 and 12: GHB - names• Gamma OH• Sodium o
Page 13 and 14: Growth Hormone Release• Does incr
Page 15 and 16: Amnesia ??• Anecdotal reports of
Page 17 and 18: NADP+NADPHOHOOHGHB dehydrogenaseHOH
Page 19 and 20: GHB dehydrogenase inhibitors• Nat
Page 21 and 22: Chemical Synonyms for GBLdihydro-2(
Page 23 and 24: Metabolism of GBLIn vivo: blood and
Page 25 and 26: What is 1,4 Butanediol (1,4BD)?•
Page 27 and 28: Chemical Synonyms for 1,4BDCHEMICAL
Page 29 and 30: 1,4 BD metabolism• The activity o
Page 31 and 32: High Times Mag. 1998• Hey, Lisa I
Page 33 and 34: Where can you get GHB, GBL or 1,4BD
Page 36: •GBLProduct
Page 39: Dose Response of GHB• < 1 gram -
Page 42 and 43: GHB blood levels in anesthesia• 1
Page 44 and 45: Contrast blood levels seen in Alcoh
Page 46 and 47: Outcome of toxic dose• Respirator
Page 48 and 49: GHB is addictive• Chronic use of
Page 50: Interactions• GHB potentiates CNS
Page 53 and 54: Methodologies for GHB AnalysesDetec
Page 55 and 56: Analytical Concerns - I• GHB is r
Page 57: Formation of GHB from GABAOH 2 NOHG
Page 61 and 62: GHB and GBL EquilibriumOGBLObasic p
Page 63 and 64: GHB scheduling has curbedillicit GH
Page 65 and 66: Case Studies (DUI)• 12/98 JR “R
Page 67: Case Studies Cont (DUI)• 8/99 AB-
Page 73 and 74: Case Studies• Non fatal GHB - WCM
Page 75 and 76: Case Studies Cont(Overdoses)• Fat
Page 77 and 78: Case Studies Cont - Overdoses• Fa
Page 81 and 82: Case Studies• Fatal overdose - WC
Page 85 and 86: GBL and 1,4BD are the onlyGHB-like
Page 87 and 88: “The Science:Tranquil-G is the tr
Page 89 and 90: What is Gamma-valerolactone??• FD
Page 91 and 92: Startle Amplitude (% Control)120100
Page 93 and 94: In vivo: blood and liver(Fishbein a
Page 95 and 96: Conclusions I• Interpretation of
Page 98: • Gamma-hydroxybutyrate; Molecula
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Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid – GHB Gamma-butyrolactone - GBL 1,4 ...

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