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ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻭﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺼﻨﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ لﺜﻤﺘﻴﻭ . 2009 . ( 181 : 2000 ،ﻥﻭﺭﺨﺍﻭ ﻲﺤﺒﺼ) ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻌﻤﺠ ﻡﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﺴﺅﺭﺒ ﻲﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ ( 34) ،% 48 .( 79 : 2002 ،ﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ) : ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﹼﻑﺭﻌﺘﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﻟ ؛ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﻁﻭﺭﺸ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔـﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﺕـﻐﻠﺒ ﺩﻘﻓ ﹰﺎﻀﻴﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺠﻭﻤﺒﻭ ﺔﺒﺴـﻨﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺯﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺱﻤﺨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻋﺯﻭﻤ ﺎﻴﺭﺍﺩﺍ . ( 1) ﹰﺎﺴﻴﺌﺭ لﻭﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻀﻭﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍ 6 7 7 8 6 34 ﺙﺎﻨﺍ - 1 2 - 2 5 ﺱﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺭﻭﻜﺫ 6 6 5 8 4 29 :( 1) لﻭﺩﺠ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭﻟﺍ Research Instrument ﻁﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﻓﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍ 1 2 3 4 5 ﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ةادأ ﺀﺎﺴﺅﺭﻟ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻤ ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻲﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ لﺠﻻ : ًﺎﻨﻣﺎﺛ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻻﺍ ﻡـﺴﺭﻭ ﻡﺌﺎﻗ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻑﺼﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺼﻭﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺃ ،ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻪــﺒ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــﻨﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎـﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻊـﻤﺠ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥـﻋ ﻩﺩﺎـﻌﺒﻻ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ . ( 87 ﺹ ،1987 ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﺔﺼﺭﻓ ﺢﻴﺘﺘ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻷ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﺘﺴﻻﺍ �ﺩﻌﺘﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﺴﻻﻭ ﹰﺎﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺒﻋ) ،ﺔﺤﺍﺭﺼﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﺒ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺭﺁ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﻊـﻤﺠﻟ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﺘـﺴﻻﺍ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘـﺴﺍ لﺎـﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺍﻭ ﺔـﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻟﺎـﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻷﻭ ﺩﺍﺭـﻓﺃ ﺽﻴﺭـﻌﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻟ ﺓﺭﺴﻴﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺍ ﻥﻋ ﹰﻼﻀﻓ .( 395 ﺹ ،1984 ،ﻥﻴﻟﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻓ) ،ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ،لﻌﻔﻟﺎﺒ . ﺔﺒﺘﺭﻤﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ : ﺔﻴﺘﻵﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﺏﺠﻭﻤﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻡﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ
Page 1 and 2: World St. Clements University For O
Page 3 and 4: scientific and management in light
Page 5 and 6: ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﺃ ﺏ ﺩ ـ
Page 7 and 8: ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ 11 13 16 18 133
Page 9 and 10: لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا : ﺔـ
Page 11 and 12: ﻡﺎﺴـﻗﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﺴﺅ
Page 13 and 14: ﻁﻴـﻁﺨﺘ ﻰـﻟﺇ ﺝ
Page 15 and 16: ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭ
Page 17: ﺀﺎـﺴﺅﺭﻟ ﺔـﻴﺒﻴ
Page 21 and 22: . ﺓﺭﻘﻓ . ﺓﺭﻘﻓ . ﺓ
Page 23 and 24: ﻥﻴﺼـﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻥـﻤ
Page 25 and 26: ﻭﺍ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﺒـﺴﺍ ﺯ
Page 27 and 28: .( 183ﺹ ،1976 .( 138 ،ﺱﻭﻴ
Page 29 and 30: ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺝﺯـﻤﻟﺍ ﻲ
Page 31 and 32: ﺕﺄﺸﻨ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺨﻟﺍ
Page 33 and 34: ﺕﺍﺭـﺒﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻤ
Page 35 and 36: ﻰـﻠﻋ لﻭﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺓ
Page 37 and 38: ﻥﻴﺭﺸـﻋﻭ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ
Page 39 and 40: ،ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺌ
Page 41 and 42: ﹰﺍﺩـﻴﺩﻬﺘ لﻜﺸـ
Page 43 and 44: لﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸ
Page 45 and 46: ،ﺔـﻨﺯﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴ
Page 47 and 48: ،ﻡﺎﺴـﻗﻷﺍ ﺀﺎـﺴ
Page 49 and 50: ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺩ
Page 51 and 52: ﺩﺤﺃ ﻪﻨﻻ ﻱﻭﺒﺭﺘ
Page 53 and 54: ﻲـﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺓ
Page 55 and 56: : ﻲﺘﺄﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔ
Page 57 and 58: ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩ
Page 59 and 60: ( Thompson,1996) : ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ
Page 61 and 62: ﺩـﻗﻭ ،ﺔـﺒﻠﻁﻟﺍ
Page 63 and 64: ﻲـﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸـﻟﺍ
Page 65 and 66: ( Klocnski,2000) : ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ
Page 67 and 68: ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻜ ﺎﻤﻴـﺴﻻ
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ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻩﺎﻀﺭﻭ ﺩﻴ
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ﺙﺍﺩـﺤﺇ ﻰـﻟﺇ ﻲـ
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ﻊﻴﻤﺠ لﻤﺸﺘ ﺎﻬﻨ
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: 2002 ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﺭ
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ﻥﻭﺅـﺸ ﺓﺩﺎـﻤﻋ ،
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ﺎـﻬﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰـﻟﺇ
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ﻡﻴـﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻪـﺒﻌ
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ﻲـﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﺎـﻬﻤ ﺭ
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ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘ
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: ﺔﻴﺒﻳرﺪﺘﻟا تﺎ
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ﻥـﻤ ﻙـﻟﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎ
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ﺩﺭـﻔﻟﺍ ﻊـﻓﺍﻭﺩ
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( ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺭ
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ﺚ�ﻴﺣ ﻦ�ﻣ ﺐﻳرﺪ
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ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﻫﻭ ؟ﺩﺍﺭ
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ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬ
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ﻡﻤﺼـﻤ ﻰـﻠﻋﻭ . ﺔ
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. ﻥﻴﺒﺭﺩﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎ
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،ﺫـﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺩ
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ﺩﺍﺭـﻓﻸﻟ ﺔﺒﺴـﻨ
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ﺕﻻﺎـﺠﻤﻠﻟﻭ ﺔـﻓ
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ﺔـﻴﻨﻭﺎﻌﺘ ٍﺡﻭﺭ
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ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺕﻀﺭﻓ ﺔﺜﻴ
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: Motivation & Incentives ﻊﻓﺍ
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: ( Lecture) ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤﻟ
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ﺎـﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺏـﻴﺠﻴ
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ﻥﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﻐﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻊ
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ﺩﺭـﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺼ ﻰ
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ﻭـﺤﻨ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥ
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: ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﺘﻔﺼﺒ ﺎ
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ﺔـﻤﺩﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ
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ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻟ لﻴﺩ
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ﺔـﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ لــﻋﺎ
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ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺸﻟا ةدﻮﺠﻟ
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ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﻴﻟﺎ
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ﺙﻭﺩـﺤ لﺎـﻤﺘﺤﺍ
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ﺩـﻗﻭ، ﻪﻤﺴﺎﺒ ﺓ
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. ( 4) . لﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﻘ
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. ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻠﻟ ﺯﻴ
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ﺭﻴﻴﺎـﻌﻤ ﺕﻤﺩﺨ
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ﺔـﻁﺨﻭ ،ﻪـﻘﻴﻘﺤ
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ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻠﻟ ﻲﻋﻭ
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ﻲﻜ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺓﺩ
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ﺎـﻬﺘﺍﺭﻘﻓ ﺽﻌﺒ
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ﺓﺩﻭـﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩ
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لـﺤ ﻲـﻓ ﺔﺼـﺼﺨﺘ
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ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺕ
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ﺡﻭﺭ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻭ ﻲ
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: ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﻟﺍ
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ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺠ
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ﺕﺍﺭﻘﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻘﻓ
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ﺎﻬﻨﺯﻭ ﻱﻭﺌﻤﻟﺍ
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ﻱﺭﻴﺩـﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻠ
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: ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﺼ
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ﺏﻴﺭﺩـﺘﻟﺍ ﺩـﻬﻌ
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ﺔـﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﻥـﻤ ﺕﻁ
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ﺩﺩﻌﻟﺍ 10 66 16 59 10 11 5
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. . ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﺎ
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. . . : ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎ
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. ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ
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: ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤ
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: ﻲﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤ
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ﺩﺩﻌﻟﺍ 2 ـ ﺕﺍﺩﺭـ
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. . ﻲﺒﻳرﺪﺘﻟا ﺞﻣ
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. . ﻱﺭﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﻁ
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ﻲـﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎـﻌﻟﺍ
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ﺕﻻﺎﺼـﺘﻻﺍ ﺔﻜﺭـ
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ﻑﺍﺭـﺸﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴـﺴ
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. ﻡ1977 ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻭﺤﻨ
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. ﻥﺩﺭﻷﺍ : ﻙﺭﻜﻟﺍ
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. ﻕﺍﺭﻌﻟﺍ ،لﺼﻭﻤ
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. ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻭ
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Engilewood, Gliffes, New York Paret
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Size the Challenge-not a moment too
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education Koganpage limited, London
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( 1) ﻕﺤﻠﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸ
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ﺔﺠﺭﺩﺒ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ ﺔ
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ﻕﺤﻠﻤﻟﺍ ) 4 ( ﺞﻤﺎ
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ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻴ
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ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺜ ." ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ
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ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺭﺩﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎ
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ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻴ
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ﺎﻌﺒﺎﺴ ." لﺎﺠﻤ ﺓ
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66 2 21 - 45 54 18 . ﺩﻭﺩﻭ
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ﺎﻨﻠﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺀﺎﻀ
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ﺓﺭﻭﺸـﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ
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ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا
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ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ح
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ردﺎــــﺼﻤﻟا
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( ءاﺪــــهﻹا) ﺎﻨﻠ
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ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻩﻭ
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ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا
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ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ح
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ردﺎــــﺼﻤﻟا
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ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻨﺠ
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ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ - St Clements University

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