Schizophrenia Research Trends

16Reiko Koide and Akira TamaokaTable 4. Means of factor scores in schizophrenic and control groups. (Study 1.)Anatomical Factors Schizophrenic ControlA-1. Smallness 0.092 -0.047A-2. Fatness 0.114 -0.058A-3. Roundness 0.057 0.029Functional FactorsF-1. Dullness in movement 0.246 -0.128**F-2. Powerlessness 0.373 -0.195**F-3. Unusually strong gastrointestinal function 0.168 -0.088*Psychological FactorsP-1. Dissatisfaction 0.003 -0.018P-2. Lifelessness 0.239 -0.127**P-3. Fragility 0.278 -0.147***p13.7) group on anhedonia-asociality (SANS-4) showed astatistically significantly higher factor score on F-2 (powerlessness, t=2.983, df=89, p=0.004)and P-2 (lifelessness, t=3.272, df=89, p=0.002) than the low-score group.InsightThe results of the t-test of differentiating factor scores between schizophrenic subgroupscomposed of SAI scores are shown in Table 6. The high-score (>3.29) group on acceptance(SAI-1) showed a statistically significantly lower factor score on F-3 (unusually strongdigestive function, t=-2.482, df=89, p=0.015) and higher factor score on P-3 (Fragility,t=2.135, df=89, p=0.036) than the low-score group. The high-score (>1.7) group onhypothetical contradiction (SAI-supplement) showed a statistically significantly lower factorscore on F-3 (unusually strong gastrointestinal function, t=-2.348, df=89, p=0.021) than thelow-score group.Other Clinical CharacteristicsThere was no significant difference between subgroups of body image factor scores inyears of hospitalization, age at onset of disease or the daily chlorpromazine-equivalent dose.DiscussionThe factor analysis identified five differentiating factors, which showed that there is bodyimage aberration in schizophrenic patients: dullness in movement, powerlessness, unusuallystrong digestive function, lifelessness and fragility. These findings, along with those of otherinvestigations (Roehricht & Priebe, 1996; Coleman et al., 1996; Chapman LJ, Chapman &Raulin, 1978), revealed that schizophrenics manifested perceptual and cognitive deficits inbody image.