Schizophrenia Research Trends

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16Reiko Koide and Akira TamaokaTable 4. Means of factor scores in schizophrenic and control groups. (Study 1.)Anatomical Factors Schizophrenic ControlA-1. Smallness 0.092 -0.047A-2. Fatness 0.114 -0.058A-3. Roundness 0.057 0.029Functional FactorsF-1. Dullness in movement 0.246 -0.128**F-2. Powerlessness 0.373 -0.195**F-3. Unusually strong gastrointestinal function 0.168 -0.088*Psychological FactorsP-1. Dissatisfaction 0.003 -0.018P-2. Lifelessness 0.239 -0.127**P-3. Fragility 0.278 -0.147***p13.7) group on anhedonia-asociality (SANS-4) showed astatistically significantly higher factor score on F-2 (powerlessness, t=2.983, df=89, p=0.004)and P-2 (lifelessness, t=3.272, df=89, p=0.002) than the low-score group.InsightThe results of the t-test of differentiating factor scores between schizophrenic subgroupscomposed of SAI scores are shown in Table 6. The high-score (>3.29) group on acceptance(SAI-1) showed a statistically significantly lower factor score on F-3 (unusually strongdigestive function, t=-2.482, df=89, p=0.015) and higher factor score on P-3 (Fragility,t=2.135, df=89, p=0.036) than the low-score group. The high-score (>1.7) group onhypothetical contradiction (SAI-supplement) showed a statistically significantly lower factorscore on F-3 (unusually strong gastrointestinal function, t=-2.348, df=89, p=0.021) than thelow-score group.Other Clinical CharacteristicsThere was no significant difference between subgroups of body image factor scores inyears of hospitalization, age at onset of disease or the daily chlorpromazine-equivalent dose.DiscussionThe factor analysis identified five differentiating factors, which showed that there is bodyimage aberration in schizophrenic patients: dullness in movement, powerlessness, unusuallystrong digestive function, lifelessness and fragility. These findings, along with those of otherinvestigations (Roehricht & Priebe, 1996; Coleman et al., 1996; Chapman LJ, Chapman &Raulin, 1978), revealed that schizophrenics manifested perceptual and cognitive deficits inbody image.
Body Image Deviation in Chronic <strong>Schizophrenia</strong>: New <strong>Research</strong> 17Table 5. Differential BIQ factor scores in high andlow score groups of SAPS and SANS. (Study 1).Positive symptomsNegative symptomsSAPSSANSFactors High LOW High LOWSAPS-1SANS-1HallucinationsAffective flattening or bluntingF-1 − − − −F-2 0.789 0.178* − −F-3 − − − −P-2 0.608 0.058* − −P-3 − − − −SAPS-2SANS-2DelusionsAlogiaF-1 − − − −F-2 0.708 0.208* − −F-3 − − − −P-2 0.794 -0.033** − −P-3 − − − −SAPS-3SANS-3Bizarre BehaviourAvolition ApathyF-1 − − − −F-2 − − 0.805 -0.013**F-3 − − − −P-2 − − − −P-3 − − − −SAPS-4SANS-4Positive formal Thought DisorderAnhedonia-associalityF-1 − − − −F-2 0.723 0.098** 0.718 0.064**F-3 − − − −P-2 − − 0.599 -0.082**P-3 − − − −SAPS-5SANS-5Inappropriate affectAttentionF-1 − − − −F-2 − − _ −F-3 − − − −P-2 − − − −P-3 − − − −SAPS-TotalSANS-TotalF-1 − − − −F-2 .729 0.180* − −F-3 − − − −P-2 0.556 0.067* − −P-3 − − − −High =High score group. Low=Low score group. *=p
Page 3: SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH TRENDS
Page 6 and 7: Copyright © 2008 by Nova Science P
Page 9 and 10: PREFACESchizophrenia is a chronic,
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Page 68 and 69: 56Guy SandnerSubsets of the Disease
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66Guy Sandneramnesic patients. Thes
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68Guy Sandneras soon as their early
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70Guy Sandnerrole games [106, 142].
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72Guy Sandnerand the cause of the d
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74Guy SandnerA third explanation pl
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76Guy Sandner2. Rats with neonatal
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78Guy SandnerBOX 1DiagnosisPositive
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80Guy SandnerBOX 2Cognitive Science
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82Guy SandnerREFERENCES[1] Alberts
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84Guy Sandner[36] Corcoran R, Merce
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86Guy Sandner[71] Frank N, Farrer C
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88Guy Sandner[103] Jeon YW, Polich
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90Guy Sandner[136] McGurk SR, Muese
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92Guy Sandner[168] Sato Y, Yabe H,
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In: Schizophrenia Research Trends I
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NMDA Receptor Hypofunction in Schiz
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 117In 1
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 119Over
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 121psyc
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 123deri
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 125indi
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 127pred
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 129one
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 131REFE
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 133[41]
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Evolution and Schizophrenia 135[80]
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164M. Nieznański, A. Chojnowska, W
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184Special Book Bibliography on Sch
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INDEXAabdomen, 38abnormal, 132abuse
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Index 251BMA, 216body, vii, viii, 1
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Index 253CRR, 90CTA, 139, 140, 143,
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Index 255eyes, 6, 24, 25, 50, 52, 6
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Index 257inhibition, ix, x, 60, 64,
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Index 259metabolism, 97, 103, 105,
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Index 261personal accounts, 123pers
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Index 263risk, 23, 26, 30, 39, 48,
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Index 265Ttactile stimuli, 85Taiwan
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Schizophrenia Research Trends

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