Advanced Ocean Modelling: Using Open-Source Software

IndexAAbyssal circulation, 146–155, 171Advection, 2, 22, 35–39, 41, 44, 66, 74–75,88–89, 91, 109, 126, 128, 130, 149,167, 169Ageostrophic flow, 108Approximationbeta-plane, 98, 149, 156, 158, 162Boussinesq, 2, 44, 49equatorial beta-plane, 156, 158, 162hydrostatic, 3–4, 24rigid-lid, 43, 55, 62, 66, 69, 75, 79, 131,143, 149Arakawa C-grid, 23–24, 28, 92, 101–102,127–128, 168Aspect ratio, 59, 65, 70, 78BBalancegeostrophic, 97–99, 123hydrostatic, 97–98, 125, 167–168Sverdrup, 99, 122Baroclinic compensation, 111, 118, 122Baroclinic flow, 3, 95Barotropic flow, 3, 95, 136Bernoulli equation, 41Bottom frictionlinear, 80–81quadratic, 62–63, 107, 114, 132Boundary conditionscyclic, 51, 61, 163full-slip, 114no-slip, 135–136, 140, 143, 149radiation, 169–170zero-gradient, 32, 34, 39, 90, 102, 113,119, 131, 135–136, 142, 168–169Boundary-layer equations, 11–13, 18Brackish water, 83, 92Brownian motion, 58, 72Brunt-Väisälä frequency, 4Buoyancy flux, 58, 60, 66–67Buoyancy shutdown, 111, 173Buoyant-slope effect, 80CCFL stability conditionfor advection, 38for wave propagation, 32–33, 35Coastal downwelling, 113Coastal upwelling, 110–118, 125,143–145, 162Coefficientbottom-drag, 62, 69, 80–81saline contraction, 58thermal expansion, 58, 61, 73, 75wind-drag, 11, 143Concentration basin, 138–139Conservationof density, 125, 127of energy, 41, 49of momentum, 1–3, 9–10, 22, 24, 27–28,36, 55, 62, 91, 97, 101, 125–126,128–129of potential vorticity, 99–100of volume, 24, 57, 70, 104, 126, 147,158, 168Continuity equation, 2–3, 23, 28, 36, 91, 94,103, 125–128Control volume, 37–38, 128–129Convection, 57–75, 78, 95, 146Convective entrainment, 65–66Convective mixed-layer deepening, 59–60CoordinatesCartesian, 1–2, 97, 99, 127, 152Sigma, 103tilted Cartesian, 79–81179