A triumph of failed ideas European models of capitalism in ... - Journal

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Crisis corporatism and trade union revitalisation in Europe.................................................................................................................................................................driven policies, the stronger the tendency could become among unionleaderships to exert influence on internal discussion and decisionmakingprocesses in order to minimise the conflicts between the resultsof internal opinion-forming and the requirements of corporatist alliances,and to maximise the ability of trade unions to commit themselves. Suchinternally-generated measures can rapidly lead to restrictions on anyauthentic articulation of members’ interests and hence damage thedemocratic process within organisations (for a stimulating contributionon this, see Molina 2008). Whether these risks for democracy can becountered with decentralised decision-making structures and moremembers’ participation, or whether these measures lead rather to theblockage of the tripartite political model, should be questions forpractice-based policy research.Not only trade union research, but also the unions’ own debate onstrategy are under challenge. The findings presented here argue for atwofold differentiation of trade union efforts at strategy. So far, attemptsat trade union revitalisation have been geared, more sporadically thansystematically, towards redistribution and power conflicts in the nationalsphere. But this narrowing of strategy fails to do justice to the complex ofproblems in a Europe dominated by financial market capitalism. Instead,the multi-level perspective must find its way into the trade unions’debates on strategy. This requires a re-orientation of European policy ona paradigmatic scale (Urban 2009b). This Europeanisation of trade unionpolicy should be linked to a second strategic challenge. There is talk ofbroadening unions’ interest-driven policy in the direction of alliancebasedpolicies. The starting-point could be a Europe-wide movement, aheterogeneous collective player, consisting of different initiatives,organisations and personalities, for which the term ‘mosaic left’ has beenbrought into play (Urban 2009a and 2011). Such a transnational left,however, would first have to evolve. This might happen in a Europe-wide,pro-European social resistance movement against the regime ofauthoritarian stability and in favour of a cooperative and democraticEurope. The strategic gain for the unions could lie in supplementing theirown insufficient power resources by alliances with other powerfulmovements (Hyman and Gumbrell-McCormick 2010b: 328).Let there be no doubt: the revitalisation of the trade unions in terms ofpower politics is first and foremost a project which demands effortswithin organisations. But there is a lot to be said for putting theseA triumph of failed ideas – European models of capitalism in the crisis 237
Hans-Jürgen Urban.................................................................................................................................................................efforts in a more all-embracing, Europe-wide and alliance-basedcontext. To ignore this challenge would merely be to prolong the defensivestance of the trade unions.BibliographyAddison, John T. and C. Schnabel (eds) (2003) International handbookof trade unions, Cheltenham/Northampton: Edward Elgar.Baccaro, L. (2008) ‘Policy concertation in Europe. Understanding governmentchoice’, Comparative Political Studies 41 (10), 1323–1348.Baccaro, L. (2010) ‘Does the global financial crisis mark a turning pointfor labour?’, Socio-Economic Review (2), 341–348.Baccaro, L. and S. Lim (2006) ‘Social pacts as coalitions of “weak” and“moderate”: Ireland, Italy and South Korea in comparative perspective’,ILO Discussion Paper 162.Bispinck, R. (2011) Zwischen ‘Beschäftigungswunder’ und ‘Lohndumping’?Tarifpolitik in und nach der Krise, Hamburg: VSA.Bispinck, R. and T. Schulten (2009) ‘Re-Stabilisierung des deutschenFlächentarifvertragssystems‘, WSI Mitteilungen, (4), 201–209.Bogedan, C., W. Brehmer and H. Seifert (2011) ‘Wie krisenfest sindbetriebliche Bündnisse zur Beschäftigungssicherung?’, WSI Mitteilungen(2), 51–59.Bosch, G., J. Rubery and S. Lehndorff (eds) (2007a) Europeanemployment model in flux. A comparison of institutional change innine European countries. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Bosch, G., J. Rubery and S. Lehndorff (2007b) ‘European employmentmodels under pressure to change’, International Labour Review,146, 3–4, 253–277.Boyer, R. (2010), ‘The collapse of finance but labour remains weak’,Socio-Economic Review (2), 348–353.Brenke, K. (2009) ‘Reallöhne in Deutschland über mehrere Jahrerückläufig’, DIW-Wochenbericht (33), 550–560.Brinkmann, U. et al. (2008) Strategic Unionism. Aus der Krise zurErneuerung? Wiesbaden: VS Verlag.Castel, R. and K. Dörre (eds) (2009) Prekarität, Abstieg, Ausgrenzung.Die soziale Frage am Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts, Frankfurt/M.:Campus Verlag.Crouch, C. (2010) ‘The financial crisis a new chance for labour movements?Not yet’, Socio-Economic Review (2), 353–356.238 A triumph of failed ideas – European models of capitalism in the crisis
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Italy: Chronicle of a crisis foreto
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