Global food security assessment guidelines: A step-by - International ...

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48Jeffrey Weiss/American Red Cross
7How to choose anappropriate foodsecurity interventionFood security interventions must be designed according to two main criteria:■ the needs of the affected population;■ the experience and capacity of the National Society.The assessment should allow you to understand the severityand underlying causes of the food security situation.This forms the basis for decision-making regarding whatintervention or combination of interventions are mostappropriate to the situation (see page 18).Your assessment should have enabled you to identify groups ofpeople who make their living in various ways and are thereforeaffected differently by the adverse situation. In situations of severe food insecurity, lives may be atrisk if groups of people are unable to meet their basic food needs. It is important to distinguishbetween people who require direct food assistance from those who require broader food securityinterventions, such as livelihood support.TipRemember that the principle of responseprogrammes is to save lives, protect orrestore livelihoods, and to reduce vulnerabilityin the community. More specifically, foodsecurity programming aims to improve theavailability of, access to and utilization offood.7How to choose an appropriate food security interventionFood assistanceThis refers to the provision of food in the right quantities and of the right quality, so as to allow peopleto meet their food needs during a period of crisis, and to avert illness and death. Food assistanceshould be appropriately targeted: this requires differentiating between livelihood groups, geographicalareas and sectors of the community, in order to determine those who may be at a higher nutritionalrisk.In cases where food assistance programmes are already underway, your assessment may uncovergroups that have been missed, or new groups that have become food insecure due to deteriorationin the situation.The provision of food is a short-term measure aimed at saving lives. Results are measured throughreduced mortality rates and improved nutritional status. Food assistance programmes are often mostsuccessful when other basic needs – such as water, shelter, medical care and protection – are met as well.If food assistance is needed, the assessment should enable you to determine:Who needs food assistanceHow long forHave you identified new groups of people at nutritional risk or leftout of existing food assistance programmes?Is the food assistance expected to help people over a lean period ofup to three months until the end of the crisis, or is it a more49
Page 3 and 4: ContentsContentsAbbreviations and a
Page 5 and 6: Abbreviationsand acronymsAbbreviati
Page 7 and 8: 1Introduction1Who this guide is for
Page 10 and 11: International Federation of Red Cro
Page 14 and 15: 12Arne Hodalic / Slovenian Red Cros
Page 16 and 17: 14David Bebber/The Times
Page 22 and 23: 20Caroline Hurford /International F
Page 26: International Federation of Red Cro
Page 29 and 30: Global food security assessment gui
Page 47 and 48: 6How to compilea food securityasses
Page 49: International Federation47
Page 61 and 62: 9 References1. World Food Programme
Page 63 and 64: 10Annexes10Annex 1How to do a MUAC
Page 95 and 96: The Fundamental Principlesof the In

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