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R E A D I N G S O C I O - S P A T I A L I N T E R P L A Y P A R T 2LAYER 3: IMPOSED PERMANENT RESIDENTS“SETTLED SITUATION”This layer of practices is comprised of residents who describe little freedomof action both in time and space. When one does not see alternatives otherthan to continue living where one lives, and by and large limits one’sactivities outside the home to what one finds in the immediate surroundings,one’s practice opportunities to a large extent are dependent upon the localoffers of physical and social arenas. This is not the case with the other twolayers where individual practices both challenge and exceed local offers andattractions. At the same time, the rec<strong>og</strong>nition of the neighborhood as arepertoire of limitations and possibilities that one must live with (in theforeseeable future), implies another view of limitations not only in alternativeactions but also for practice opportunities that save one from undesiredconfrontation. This involves other strategies than those used by residents who‘shop’ individual aspects of living in an area for a period.Some of the actors of this layer have moved to the part of town quiterecently, as a result of their life situation having changed: health-wise,economically or family-wise. Many are also remnants from other layers:They once made a choice to live exactly where they live, but time has passedand much has changed. Having lived in an area for a long time brings anotherperspective of change processes in the area than if one has only lived there ashort while: the before-situation for these residents is not the first impressionsand expectations of the newly-arrived, but of the life one had here before, asyoung and active, when one had a family and was professionally active. Inthat perspective it is seldom the case that things were worse before. Anotherdifference also makes itself felt: while the transit residents of Grønland andGrünerløkka also connect choice of residential area with descriptions ofexotic atmosphere, the presence of immigrants in the streets, access toimmigrant stores, etc., some of the older permanent residents have acompletely opposing view of this: it is particularly in the public space that theunfamiliar becomes a threat. Besides, it is not a matter of just any old noman’sland, but the neighborhood one has viewed as one’s own throughout along adult life, where all that one held near and dear gradually disappears andis replaced by something unfamiliar, new and different.A pensioner who has lived in Grünerløkka for 50 years, statesthat he never shops in immigrant stores, “at least not at thePakistani or Turkish because they are expensive and they cheatpeople”. He thinks in general that the stores in the area havebecome much worse. All the foreigners and all the bars and268
R E A D I N G S O C I O - S P A T I A L I N T E R P L A Y P A R T 2cafés are the most negative things about the area. They make alot of noise in the streets. He avoids Grønland because there areso many immigrants there. Before he retired, he workedt<strong>og</strong>ether with several immigrants, “they were fine to work with,fine fellow workers in every way”. Nonetheless, he is quiteuncomfortable about there being so many foreigners in the areawhen he is out walking because “they come from anotherculture and you never know quite what they are about to”. Hethinks it is a shame that so many of those he knew in thebuilding have moved out and that the young people who havecome in are so bad about washing the stairways. Some of themhave “even suggested hiring someone to wash the stairs”. Hehimself sees no point in spending money on such things, “theymust either be very lazy or very rich”. When he moved in, theyactually washed the stairways three times a week, “but that wasthen perhaps an exaggeration” (#106).A married female pensioner, who has lived in Furuset sincethe suburb was built (#109), thinks she lives centrally andeasily so close to the forest, but she does not feel quite at homehere. She never really has; she has not even unpacked all of herboxes from when she moved here over 25 years ago. She tellsof how she is irritated by all the immigrants who do not followthe house rules, and that there are far too many of them here.Many of the friends she used to have in the area have moved,and she feels locked-in. She does not associate with friends orneighbors very much, mostly her own children and theirfamilies. But she enjoys sitting on her balcony watching theTurkish neighbors outside − “and watching how they eat andenjoy themselves with children and friends and everything”. Itcreates life and atmosphere and she feels that she has learned alot from them.A widow in her 80s moved to Furuset from the north ofNorway (#415) to live closer to her children after her husbanddied a few years ago. She is happy she did so and is verycontented here. “It is a quiet and peaceful area even though itdoes happen quite often that the police ring the bell to get in tosomeone’s flat in the building.” She talks some with theneighbors she has become acquainted with. Once she wasrobbed, “but he was Norwegian, we must not blame theforeigners for everything”. Sometimes her daughter takes herout shopping, and before her legs got so bad they often went to269
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CON • TEXTHilde HaslumReading Soc
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CON • TEXTTil Mikkel, Nora og Hau
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