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Brazil55 Article 216a of the Penal Code, available at http://www.dji.com.br/codigos/1940_dl_002848_cp/cp213a216.htm,(consulted February 12, 2003).56 U.S. Department of State, (2001), Victims of Trafficking and Violence ProtectionAct of 2000: Trafficking in Persons Report, available athttp://www.state.gov/g/inl/rls/tiprpt/2001.57 Ibid.58 Michael Hoskins, Trafficking in women for Sexual Exploitation, MetropolitanPolice Service, 199659 Defined as “the highest level of physical, mental and social well-being” by theOAS in the protocol of San Salvador, article 10. See Alison Phinney, Traffickingof Women and Children for Sexual Exploitation in the Americas, OAS, CIM,2000, available at www.oas.org/cim/English/Proj.Traf.AlisonPaper.htm.60 Alison Phinney, Ibid.61 Child Prostitution, ECPAT Bulletin, Vol. 4/1, 1996-9762 Center for Reference, Studies and Action for Children and Adolescents(CECRIA), (2000), Tráfico de Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes para Fins deExploração Sexual no Brasil, CECRIA, Brasília, Brazil63 Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, The Fact Book on Global SexualExploitation (1999).64 ECPAT International, available at http://www.ecpat.net/eng/index.asp, (consultedApril 22, 2003).65 O CHAME, (1998), O que é que a Bahia tem: o outro lado do Turismo emSalvador. Projeto CHAME/NEIM/UFBa, Salvador, Brazil.66 For more details, see Human Rights Watch, Brazil Report, available athttp://www.hrw.org/wr2k3/americas2.html, (consulted March 13, 2003).67 U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2001/66/Add.2.68 Ibid.69 Ibid.70 U.S. Dep’t of State, Ibid.71 Law 9455/97, available at http://www.dji.com.br/leis_ordinarias/1990-008072-ch/8072-90.htm, (consulted February 12, 2003).72 In 1999 the Globo Newspaper in Rio de Janeiro published the results of an investigationinto the allegations of torture against state police. The police opened a totalof 53 investigations regarding complaints of torture against authorities between1997, when the torture law came into effect, and 1999. Only one of the inquiries,which had been suspended, had been officially concluded.73 U.S. Dep’t of State, Ibid.74 Constitution of Brazil, art. 5, sec. XLIX. The Brazilian Penal Code also states thatprisoners “retain all rights, except those that are not included because of the lossof liberty,” and that the authorities are under “the obligation to respect [prisoners’]physical and moral integrity.” Penal Code, art. 38.75 São Paulo Constitution, art. 143, sec. 4.76 Ministry of Justice, Conselho Nacional de Política Criminal e Penitenciária,Regras mínimas para o tratamento do preso no Brasil, Brasília: ConselhoNacional de Política Criminal e Penitenciária, 1995103