Modeling and Simulation of Vehicular Power Systems - webfiles its ...

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Figure 3-2: EMTS solution flow-chartAlthough these methods are really accurate, there will still be some numerical oscillationsespecially when the power electronic converters with high switching frequencies are usedin the simulation. In order to get to high accuracy these numerical oscillations must beconsidered [8].In order to mitigate these oscillations there are two techniques: using the trapezoidaltechnique with numerical stabilizer and using Gear’s second order method. In [8] thesemethods are explained.14
4 Vehicle Dynamics ModelingIn order to model the dynamic behavior of the vehicles, all the forces applied to thevehicle should be known. Figure 4-1 shows all the forces applied to the vehicle climbinga grade. It should be noted that here the effect of forces in the longitudinal direction isconsidered because the movement of vehicle in latitudinal direction is not considerable[12], [13], [10]. By the use of Newton’s law all the forces are divided into two forces, theforces in the direction of movement, F t , which is applied to the wheels of the vehicle, andF tr , the resistance forces that are applied in the opposite direction of the vehiclemovement. The Newtons’ law is written as:dVdt∑∑Ft− Ftr= ( 4-1)MvFigure 4-1 Vehicle longitudinal forcesWhere V is the vehicle linear speed, M v is the total weight of the vehicle, F t is the tractionforce applied from the tyres to the ground and F tr is equivalent resistance forces. Theresistance forces applied to the vehicle are divided into three types. The first one is calledrolling resistance which is due to hysteresis in the tyre material. The deflection of thetyre, causes the distribution of the ground reaction forces on the wheel and it is shifted tothe lead half of the wheel. The shifted force and the normal load on the wheel cause atorque that resists against the movement of the vehicle [10], [11]. This is shown in figure4-2.15
Page 1: AhaModeling and Simulation of Vehic
Page 4: To my parents, brother and my love
Page 7 and 8: Table of ContentsAcknowledgment....
Page 9 and 10: List of FiguresFigure 2-1: Oil cons
Page 11: List of TablesTable 3-1 List of som
Page 14 and 15: xii
Page 16 and 17: Chapter 4 discusses the dynamics of
Page 18 and 19: The Other environmental effects of
Page 20 and 21: So a modeling tool being able to de
Page 22 and 23: electric motor to provide the tract
Page 24 and 25: Figure 2-8: Configuration of a para
Page 26 and 27: Vehicle system modeling can be done
Page 30 and 31: Figure 4-2: The deflection of tyre
Page 32: V −Vwheel actualλa=( 4-9)VwheelV
Page 35 and 36: Figure 4-5 Friction coefficient cha
Page 37 and 38: The gear box consists of different
Page 39 and 40: Where• I = discharge current [amp
Page 41 and 42: decreases very rapidly. In electric
Page 43 and 44: Thus, this simulation model is capa
Page 45 and 46: VOCRchargeRdischargeSOCTempSOCQmaxT
Page 47 and 48: Figure 5-8 Battery open circuit vol
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5-11 Charging resistance ver
Page 51 and 52: 6 Engine, electric machine and cont
Page 53 and 54: 4 Idle speed 840 rpm5 Peak power 15
Page 55 and 56: 7 Modeling in Simulink/MatlabOnce t
Page 57 and 58: Figure 7-3 Vehicle dynamics block i
Page 59 and 60: 7.3 EngineAs described in Chapter 5
Page 61 and 62: Figure 7-7 Automatic driver model b
Page 63 and 64: 8 Simulation ResultsIn this chapter
Page 65 and 66: Peak generator torque1074 N.mPeak g
Page 67 and 68: Figure 8-5 Wheel speed and translat
Page 69 and 70: Figure 8-7 Engine and generator pow
Page 71 and 72: Figure 8-9 Battery state of charge
Page 73 and 74: 9 ConclusionRegarding the significa
Page 75 and 76: References[1] Shuo Tian, Guijun Cao

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