Dar Es Salaam, Tanz - SNHU Academic Archive - Southern New ...

8CHAPTER II2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Theoretical reviewCo-operative societ y is defined as , "an association of persons who have voluntarilyjoined together for the purpose of achieving a common need through the formation ofdemocratically controlled organization and who make equitable contributions to capitalrequired for the formation of such an organization, and who accept the risks and thebenefits of the undertaking in which they actively participate" (Cooperativ edevelopment policy 2002).Munkner, H.H (1984) defines a cooperative as, "the pure organizational model - whichis an y kind of group of persons linked togethe r by economic interest wh o undertakeplanned economic activity by using their own resources of solving their own problems".The Cooperativ e development policy 2002, after revisin g the previous policy of 1997,set th e cooperativ e visio n an d missio n givin g a genera l directio n o f cooperativ edevelopment i n the foreseeabl e future . Th e general direction/visio n o f the futur eTanzanian cooperative system is geared towards 'improved and sustainable cooperativesthat are capable of fulfilling members' economic and social needs'. The Government (asper articl e 1.4. 2 of cooperativ e developmen t polic y 2002 ) state s that ; Vnder theliberalized economic environment cooperatives are among many business players in thmarket Cooperators need economically strong organizations at the grassroots that are