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30stepwise process . Mor e specifically, Villag e Banks are considere d as those institutionsable to make loans and receive deposits from non-members.However, it is too much to expect from even the best-positioned SACCOs to take on allsuch responsibilit y at once . A firs t stag e shoul d b e th e acceptanc e o f non-membe rdeposits while restricting lending exclusively to SACCO s members . Th e restriction oflending to members i s to enable the mechanisms of peer pressure to continue to apply,particularly to ensure loan repayment. Thus , all borrowers of the Village Banks shouldcontinue to be members until a certain threshold is reached where restriction on lendingonly to members acts as a constraint on the growth of the Village Banks. At that point,the restrictio n should be lifted , an d they shoul d then b e allowe d to len d also to nonmembers,which is the second stage.2.2 Empirical review:Structural transformatio n i n Tanzani a ha s bee n notabl y limited , an d achievement srelative to expectation s hav e bee n marginal. Agriculture still dominate s th e economy :accounting for 45% where i t reaches 75% of all exports . Current employment level is80% lower than levels at independence but it is higher than in most developing countries(USAID Region Working Paper Series No. 51 June 2003). Th e main factors behin d theslow progress in Tanzania's development are primarily inadequate capita l accumulationand productivity growth, poor suppor t fo r the transformatio n o f agriculture, disruptedprogress in building human capital, and delayed demographic transition.
31A lo t have been written regarding successes and failures of cooperatives in Tanzania, butnot man y researcher s hav e thoroughl y assesse d SACCO S to evaluat e thei r specifi cperformances. I n our report we studied the assessed reports of various SACCOs done bytwo organizations; i.e the 'DUNDULIZA/Developpement International Desjardins (DID)Tanzania 9 wh o prepared , " the diagnosis report of External Savings And CreditCooperative Society" an d th e International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) - RegionalOffice for Eastern, Central and Southern Africa ICA - ROESCA (in collaboration withother institutions)' , wh o prepare d a "Survey report on Rural Savings and CreditCooperative Societies in Tanzania".In 200 0 (June) , th e Governmen t o f Tanzani a (throug h BOT) , Th e Internationa lCooperative Alliance (ICA) - Regiona l Office fo r Eastern, Central and Southern Africa(ICA-ROESCA) and other several bi-lateral agencies prepared a "survey report on RuralSavings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Tanzania". Th e study had the intention ofclarifying th e situatio n o f rura l saving s an d credi t co-operative s i n Tanzania . Othe ragencies involve d in the study are, Canadian International Development Agency, DanishInternational Assistance , Department fo r International Developmen t (United Kingdom),and the n Ministr y o f Agricultur e an d Cooperative s (no w separate d t o tw o differen tministries). Other s are , Saving s an d Credi t Cooperativ e Unio n Leagu e o f Tanzania,Royal Netherlands ' Embass y an d Swedis h Cooperative Centre . Th e fina l repor t wa sissued January 2001.
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Page 4 and 5: iiiDECLARATION:I, Kassian A. Mtey,
Page 6 and 7: ABSTRACTCooperative system s wer e
Page 8 and 9: viiABBREVIATIONACCOSCA Africa n Con
Page 10 and 11: ix2.3 Polic y review 4 3CHAPTER HI3
Page 12 and 13: xiGraph 2; Planned loans for 2003 8
Page 15 and 16: 3(a) Identifyin g shortcomings, whi
Page 17 and 18: 5The societ y ha s neve r undertake
Page 19 and 20: 7(ii) Members participationMember's
Page 21 and 22: 9created through unity of different
Page 23 and 24: 11In Tanzania SACCOs are divided in
Page 25 and 26: 13Microfinance i s the provision of
Page 27 and 28: 15interruptions, cooperatives hav e
Page 29 and 30: 17and responsibilities of other sta
Page 31 and 32: 192.1.2 Developmen t of SACCOs in T
Page 33 and 34: 21savings mean t puttin g asid e so
Page 35 and 36: 23In som e rural areas especially a
Page 37 and 38: 25According t o Kironde , J.M.L (19
Page 39 and 40: 27(SACCOS) an d th e financia l Non
Page 41: 29died of malaria, would that stop
Page 45 and 46: 33Another SACCOs visited in this ca
Page 47 and 48: 35have yet to be developed. In gene
Page 49 and 50: 37(i) B e able to identif y trainin
Page 51 and 52: 39community in that area, their low
Page 53 and 54: 41To hi s opinion, there has bee n
Page 55 and 56: 43Many shortcoming s reporte d sho
Page 57 and 58: 45In respec t o f SACCOs, th e micr
Page 59 and 60: 47CHAPTER III3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLO
Page 61 and 62: 493.2 Research approach and strateg
Page 63 and 64: 51(c) Pas t experienceHaving worke
Page 65 and 66: 53The recommendation s wil l b e sh
Page 67 and 68: 554.1.1 INSTITUTIONA L ASSESSMENTTh
Page 69 and 70: 57to 41% . These parameter s were u
Page 71 and 72: 59a) Administrativ e policies and p
Page 73 and 74: 614.1.1.2 Material and human resour
Page 75 and 76: 63SharesKK als o invested in shares
Page 77 and 78: 65who are not members of the Board
Page 79 and 80: 67KK ha s survived many years of po
Page 81 and 82: 69KK executiv e chairman is clearly
Page 83 and 84: 71In our study findings above, it w
Page 85 and 86: 73For those who were not satisfied,
Page 87 and 88: 75financial reports are prepared an
Page 89 and 90: 77minutes of the past annual genera
Page 91 and 92: 79For proper safe keeping of money,
Page 93 and 94:
81Table 11: Opinion for non-members
Page 95 and 96:
83cooperative rules, which states;
Page 97 and 98:
85The following is the chart giving
Page 99 and 100:
87Diversity of issued loan s i s ve
Page 101 and 102:
89thinking of other economic develo
Page 103 and 104:
91that from the salary received, he
Page 105 and 106:
93The mone y requeste d t o b e wri
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95issued b y the Ban k o f Tanzania
Page 109 and 110:
97KK charge s an interest of 1.5% p
Page 111 and 112:
99activities an d se t targets . Fr
Page 113 and 114:
1014.13.1 Finance and planning(a) A
Page 115 and 116:
103information fo r financial state
Page 117 and 118:
105In the study, when reviewing the
Page 119 and 120:
107(a) 20% of net surplus eac h yea
Page 121 and 122:
109year 1997 , 199 9 an d 2001 . Th
Page 123 and 124:
Illcontinued wit h same tradition,
Page 125 and 126:
113(ii) Hig h level cooperative ill
Page 127 and 128:
115Management can set some categori
Page 129 and 130:
117mismanagement o f powers and res
Page 131 and 132:
119knowledge to generate more incom
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121In Tanzania , SACCOs hav e regis
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123If KK management wil l immediate
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125policy. Th e organizatio n need
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127In cas e situation becomes diffi
Page 141 and 142:
129BibiiograhyAdam Mwandeng a (2000
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