Level 2 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (.pdf ... - Wigan Council

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In response to the increased focus on flood risk, British Waterways have issued a genericGuidance Note for Flood Risk Assessments. This states that “The main incidents ofuncontrolled loss of water from our waterways are overtopping and breaching as a result ofinundation from adjacent water courses, vandalism or structural failure”.There are three known flooding events from the canal within the Wigan area:Canal breach in Abram in 1944, reported as leakage - leading to embankment failure;Canal breach 2002 in Shevington / Appley Bridge, reported as the failure of a culvertbeneath the canal - leading to embankment failure;Canal overtopping at Poolstook Lock in Wigan in April 2009, reported as a result ofvandalism releasing large volumes of water.A "Canal Hazard Zone" has been created for the LLC to show areas that could potentially beaffected by flooding in the event of breach of raised canal embankments. These are basedon broad scale modelling techniques and should only be taken as an indication of the extentof flooding at potential risk. The methodologies used to derive the risk of canal overtoppingand breach are outlined below.There are a number of uncertainties associated with the simulation of flooding from canals ineither overtopping or breach conditions. A number of assumptions have been used in thesimulation of flooding from the LLC for this SFRA; generally the canal is 12-15 metres widewith a minimum width of 5.2 metres at bridges and a minimum depth of approximately 1metre. It has been recognised that the canal is typically shallow, but has not taken intoaccount the variability in depth, particularly along the Leigh section as past mining works inthis area have caused subsidence of the canal, deepening this section and creating a needfor the regarding of the banks. The assumptions behind any modelling should be consideredwhen using and reviewing the hazard zone that has been produced.3.2.1 Canal overtopping methodology at Poolstock LockIn locations where surrounding ground levels are the same as or lower than average canalwater levels, flooding from canal overtopping is considered to be possible. Canal bank levelsand adjacent ground levels were estimated using LIDAR data.The overtopping of Poolstock Lock in April 2009 was caused by interference with the series ofcontrolling lock gates. BW has confirmed that this is the most likely failure scenario for thislength of the canal system.Inflows into this pound were calculated by estimating the flow rate through twin 600mmsquare gate paddles of an upstream lock gate. The ISIS model was then attached to the 2Dmodelling package TUFLOW to generate overtopping outlines and depth grids.The Poolstock Lock model predicted a small amount of overtopping onto Poolstock Lane.The hazard from such overtopping is likely to be low.The surface water maps can be used to identify where water appears to pass between thecanal and the adjacent land and give an indication of areas potentially at risk fromovertopping. Further assessment would be necessary for any site located within surfacewater flow paths.2009s0578 Final SFRA with Environment Agency Comments - L2 Ver5 Wigan.doc 19
3.2.2 Canal breach methodologyCanal breaches can be caused by overtopping and erosion of canal embankments. Ingeneral, failure is more commonly caused by degradation of the canal lining and erosionwithin the embankment slope until failure occurs.Flooding from a breach of a canal embankment is largely dictated by canal and ground levels,canal embankment construction, breach characteristics and the volume of water within thecanal that can discharge into the lower lying areas behind the embankment. For this study,the potential maximum flood extent is limited by the maximum volume of water within a poundlength. .However, during a joint probability flood event or if there is an interaction between acanal and watercourse then the volume and extent of flooding may increase.The potential breach outflow volume is either dictated by the upstream canal pound length or,for long pound lengths, how quickly the operating authorities can react to prevent furtherwater loss. Average pound lengths were calculated for the respective canals and possiblebreach locations were identified. Areas lower than the estimated minimum canal water levelswere assumed to be at potential risk from a canal breach. Canal water levels andsurrounding ground levels were determined using LIDAR data.A breach hydrograph was developed using a 1-D HECRAS model to represent the threestage mechanism with the starting water level as bank full. The respective pound lengthswere applied to the model. The breach hydrographs obtained from HECRAS (see Figure 3-1below) were fed into a two dimensional JFLOW model to assess potential flood inundationextents along the length of the canal. Inflows were applied to the JFLOW model along thecanal at potential breach locations.Figure 3-1: Sample Breach HydrographFor the known historical breach location at Abram, a simulation was also set up using an ISISTUFLOW model. Flood inflows were estimated from a calculation of volume in the upstreampound. A breach width of 15 metres was applied.2009s0578 Final SFRA with Environment Agency Comments - L2 Ver5 Wigan.doc 20
Page 1 and 2: Wigan Borough Hybrid SFRAVolume I:
Page 3 and 4: JBA OfficeJBA ConsultingSouth BarnB
Page 5 and 6: AcknowledgmentsJBA would like to ac
Page 7 and 8: Understanding flood risk from a pla
Page 9 and 10: 8.3 Planning considerations........
Page 11 and 12: AbbreviationsABDAreas Benefiting fr
Page 13 and 14: The key objectives of a SFRA are to
Page 15 and 16: 2 Flooding from RiversA detailed as
Page 17 and 18: 1. Astely Brook2. Bedford Brook3. W
Page 19 and 20: Unique ID Watercourse Description L
Page 21 and 22: 2.7 Understanding flood risk from a
Page 23 and 24: For example, flooding may affect ke
Page 25: 3 Flooding from CanalsThe SFRA has
Page 29 and 30: 4 Flooding from ReservoirsFollowing
Page 31 and 32: direction in Future Water3, Making
Page 33 and 34: oundaries. Nine key CDAs have been
Page 35 and 36: CDA Sites Site TypeLark Hill, Astle
Page 37 and 38: particular hotspots where surface w
Page 39 and 40: important role to play in reducing
Page 41 and 42: In the reverse situation, where flo
Page 43 and 44: 8 Summary of riskA summary of flood
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D . Wigan Council - Data RegisterXX
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E . SUDs SuitabilityNew SiteReferen
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F . Flood Zone 3 Proposed Developme
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G . Environment Agency comments on
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Flood Hazard MappingThe Level 2 rep
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Planning LiaisonEnvironment Agency
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Guide makes further summation diffi
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Wigan Metropolitan Borough CouncilC
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of the extent of any works required
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Planning & Transport StrategyWigan
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Again, avoiding generalities, we ha
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EA comment:Guidance on the preparat
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Please give me a call to discuss wh
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RECORD OF MEETINGStatus:JBA Project
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