Ghrelin's second life - World Journal of Gastroenterology

COMMENTS
Background
Gastric motility is one of the most critical physiological functions of the human
body. The research on gastric motility function has fallen behind that on gastric
endocrine and exocrine secretion functions and gastric morphology. One of
the important reasons for this is the absence of a convenient and effective
measurement method for gastric motility function. There are many applications
using bioimpedance signals for different pathological conditions, but their use
in gastric motility assessment needs to be explored in detail and there are few
researches on the extraction of gastric motility information.
Research frontiers
In the period of digestion, the stomach content changes greatly and so does
the impedance of the stomach. When measuring the impedance of the stomach
during digestion, the information reflecting the stomach volume (gastric emptying)
and gastric motility can be extracted. The method combining electrical
bioimpedance measurement with an electrogastrogram (EGG) is one of the
research frontiers for gastric motility measurement.
Innovations and breakthroughs
Gastric motility is a complex composite course from electrical gastric activity
to mechanical gastric activity. The EGG reflects the myoelectric activity of the
stomach and the rhythm of gastric contraction. Information from impedance
measurement on the stomach directly corresponds to gastric motility. A combination
of EGG and impedance gastric motility (IGM) measurements is a new
approach for measuring and evaluating gastric motility based on an electricalmechanical
composite mechanism.
Applications
A combination of IGM and EGG measurement is a noninvasive, convenient and
effective method that can be used to measure gastric contraction and peristalsis
during digestion and evaluate gastric motility function in different physiological
and pathological conditions. This method has shown an attractive application
prospect in gastric motility research and evaluation.
Terminology
An electrical bioimpedance technique is a method to extract physiological and
pathological information from the human body according to the electrical property
of the tissue and organs by means of injecting a small current and measuring
the electrical potentials from electrodes on the body surface. The method
has the advantages of being noninvasive, convenient, and providing considerable
functional information.
Peer review
This is a good article illustrating how technology can be used for clinical measurement.
The authors have put a lot of efforts to develop and present their
work.
REFERENCES
1 Gajre SS, Anand S, Singh U, Saxena RK. Novel method of
using dynamic electrical impedance signals for noninvasive
diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol
Soc 2006; 1: 2207-2210
2 Hadi NA, Giouvanoudi A, Morton R, Horton PW, Spyrou
NM. Variations in gastric emptying times of three stomach
regions for simple and complex meals using scintigraphy.
IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 2002; 49: 2328-2331
3 Chen JD, Lin XM, Abo M. Multi-channel gastric electrical
stimulation for the acceleration of gastric emptying. In: Institution
of Engineering and Technology, editors. Advances
in Medical Signal and Information Processing. Proceedings
of First International Conference on Advances in Medical
Signal and Information Processing; 2000 Sep 4-6; Bristol, UK.
WJG|www.wjgnet.com
Zhao S et al . Electrical bioimpedance gastric motility measurement
London: IEE Conference Publication No. 476, 2000: 60-65
4 Zhou L, Ke MY. Textbook of neurogastroenterology and motility:
basic and clinical aspects. Beijing: Science Press, 2005
5 Sutton JA, Thompson S, Sobnack R. Measurement of gastric
emptying rates by radioactive isotope scanning and epigastric
impedance. Lancet 1985; 1: 898-900
6 Familoni BO, Kingma YJ, Bowes KL. Noninvasive assessment
of human gastric motor function. IEEE Trans Biomed
Eng 1987; 34: 30-36
7 Kothapalli B. Origin of changes in the epigastric impedance
signal as determined by a three-dimensional model. IEEE
Trans Biomed Eng 1992; 39: 1005-1010
8 Huerta-Franco R, Vargas-Luna M, Hernandez E, Capaccione
K, Cordova T. Use of short-term bio-impedance for gastric
motility assessment. Med Eng Phys 2009; 31: 770-774
9 Chaw CS, Yazaki E, Evans DF. The effect of pH change on
the gastric emptying of liquids measured by electrical impedance
tomography and pH-sensitive radiotelemetry capsule.
Int J Pharm 2001; 227: 167-175
10 Giouvanoudi A, Amaee WB, Sutton JA, Horton P, Morton R,
Hall W, Morgan L, Freedman MR, Spyrou NM. Physiological
interpretation of electrical impedance epigastrography
measurements. Physiol Meas 2003; 24: 45-55
11 Soulsby CT, Khela M, Yazaki E, Evans DF, Hennessy E,
Powell-Tuck J. Measurements of gastric emptying during
continuous nasogastric infusion of liquid feed: electric impedance
tomography versus gamma scintigraphy. Clin Nutr
2006; 25: 671-680
12 Garay L, Ramos EG, Cardiel E, Muñoz R, Hernández PR.
In vivo and in situ measurement of electrical impedance for
determination of distention in proximal stomach of rats. Med
Eng Phys 2006; 28: 648-655
13 Giouvanoudi AC, Spyrou NM. Epigastric electrical impedance
for the quantitative determination of the gastric acidity.
Physiol Meas 2008; 29: 1305-1317
14 Chen RX, Wan DR. Further investigation of reliability on
impedance gastrography for continuous measurement of
human gastric contractile activity. In: Proceedings of the 8th
international conference on electrical bio-impedance; 1992
Jul 28-31; Kuopio, Finland. Finland: University of Kuopio,
1992: 151-152
15 Chen RX, Wan DR. Abnormal impedance gastrogram and
upper gastrointestinal symptom. Med Biol Eng comput 1991;
29 Suppl: 14-15
16 Li ZY, Sha H, Wang Y, Zhao S, Wang W, Ren CS. A new approach
of gastric motility measurement and evaluation by
bioimpedance. In: Scharfetter H, Merva R, editors. IFMBE
Proceedings. ICEBI 2007: Proceedings of the 13th International
Conference on Electrical Bio-Impedance & 8th Conference
on Electrical Impedance Tomography; 2007 Aug 29-Sep
2; Graz, Austria. Berlin: Springer, 2007, 691-694
17 Li Z, Ren C. Gastric motility measurement and evaluation
of functional dyspepsia by a bio-impedance method. Physiol
Meas 2008; 29: S373-S382
18 Ren CS, Li ZY, Zhao S. Use of electrical bioimpedance for
gastric motility measurement and evaluation. Shijie Huaren
Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18: 1-8
19 Li ZY, Sha H, Zhao S, Wang Y, Ren CS. [Liquid gastricemptying
measurement using an electrical bio-impedance
method]. Zhongguo Yiliao Qixie Zazhi 2008; 32: 253-256
20 Ma DS, Zhou B, Fu B, Song M. Weichang Yundong Yu Linchuang.
Beijing: Military Medicine Science Press, 2006: 62-84
S- Editor Shi ZF L- Editor Ma JY E- Editor Zheng XM
3287 July 7, 2012|Volume 18|Issue 25|