Ghrelin's second life - World Journal of Gastroenterology

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owel disease. When there is lack of response to IBD therapy and/or the clinical profile raises the potential for LGV, serological and DNA probe studies for Chlamydia are recommended. Awareness of its mimicry to IBD and prompt identification of C. trachomatis are crucial for treatment and prevention of further complications from this disease. REFERENCES 1 Pathela P, Blank S, Schillinger JA. Lymphogranuloma venereum: old pathogen, new story. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2007; 9: 143-150 2 de Vries HJ, van der Bij AK, Fennema JS, Smit C, de Wolf F, Prins M, Coutinho RA, Morré SA. Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis in men who have sex with men is associated with anal enema use and high-risk behavior. Sex Transm Dis 2008; 35: 203-208 3 Vall-Mayans M, Caballero E, Sanz B. The emergence of lymphogranuloma venereum in Europe. Lancet 2009; 374: 356 4 Stary G, Stary A. Lymphogranuloma venereum outbreak in Europe. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2008; 6: 935-940 5 Martin-Iguacel R, Llibre JM, Nielsen H, Heras E, Matas L, Lugo R, Clotet B, Sirera G. Lymphogranuloma venereum WJG|www.wjgnet.com Gallegos M et al . Lymphogranuloma venereum proctosigmoiditis proctocolitis: a silent endemic disease in men who have sex with men in industrialised countries. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 29: 917-925 6 Heras E, Llibre JM, Sirera G, Mate JL, Boix V, Rey-Joly C, Clotet B. Lymphogranuloma venerium proctitis in the setting of HIV: a case report and differential diagnosis. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2009; 23: 493-494 7 Soni S, Srirajaskanthan R, Lucas SB, Alexander S, Wong T, White JA. Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis masquerading as inflammatory bowel disease in 12 homosexual men. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 59-65 8 Høie S, Knudsen LS, Gerstoft J. Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis: a differential diagnose to inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46: 503-510 9 McMillan A, Kell P, Ward H. Diagnosing chlamydia and managing proctitis in men who have sex with men: current UK practice. Sex Transm Infect 2008; 84: 97-100 10 Mabey D, Peeling RW. Lymphogranuloma venereum. Sex Transm Infect 2002; 78: 90-92 11 Lamps L. Infectious disorders of the GI Tract. In: Odze RD, Goldblum JR. Surgical Pathology of the GI tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier, 2009: 65-66 12 Iacobuzio-donahue CA. In: Odze RD, Goldblum JR. Surgical Pathology of the GI tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier, 2009: 740-741 S- Editor Cheng JX L- Editor O’Neill M E- Editor Zhang DN 3321 July 7, 2012|Volume 18|Issue 25|
Online Submissions: http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327office wjg@wjgnet.com doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i25.3322 Diagnosis in bile acid-CoA: Amino acid N-acyltransferase deficiency Nedim Hadžić, Laura N Bull, Peter T Clayton, AS Knisely Nedim Hadžić, Paediatric Liver Service and Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom Laura N Bull, Liver Center Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States Peter T Clayton, Biochemistry Research Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, London WC1 N1EH, United Kingdom AS Knisely, Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom Author contributions: Hadžić N supervised clinical care; Bull LN performed genetic analyses; Clayton PT performed bile-acid analyses; Knisely AS performed histopathologic analyses and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Supported by Great Ormond Street Hospital Children’s Charity, to Clayton PT; National Institutes of Health; and Grant R01 DK58214, to Bull LN Correspondence to: AS Knisely, MD, Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom. alex.knisely@kcl.ac.uk Telephone: +44-203-2994627 Fax: +44-203-2993125 Received: December 17, 2011 Revised: March 28, 2012 Accepted: May 26, 2012 Published online: July 7, 2012 Abstract Cholate-CoA ligase (CCL) and bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) sequentially mediate bile-acid amidation. Defects can cause intrahepatic cholestasis. Distinction has required gene sequencing. We assessed potential clinical utility of immunostaining of liver for CCL and BAAT. Using commercially available antibodies against BAAT and CCL, we immunostained liver from an infant with jaundice, deficiency of amidated bile acids, and transcription-terminating mutation in BAAT. CCL was normally expressed. BAAT expression was not detected. Immunostaining may facilitate diagnosis in bileacid amidation defects. © 2012 Baishideng. All rights reserved. Key words: Amidation; Bile acid-CoA; Amino acid N-ac- WJG|www.wjgnet.com World J Gastroenterol 2012 July 7; 18(25): 3322-3326 ISSN 1007-9327 (print) ISSN 2219-2840 (online) © 2012 Baishideng. All rights reserved. yltransferase; Cholate-CoA ligase; Cholestasis; Conjugation; Electrospray ionisation-mass spectroscopy; Immunohistochemistry; Liver; Neonatal hepatitis; SLC27A5 ; Transmission electron microscopy Peer reviewers: Bruno Stieger, Professor, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Dr. Karel van Erpecum, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Utrecht, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands Hadžić N, Bull LN, Clayton PT, Knisely AS. Diagnosis in bile acid-CoA: Amino acid N-acyltransferase deficiency. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(25): 3322-3326 Available from: URL: http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v18/i25/3322.htm DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i25.3322 INTRODUCTION CASE REPORT Conjugated bile acids are detergents essential in facilitating the enteric absorption of fats and of fat-soluble substances, among them several vitamins. They are synthesised in hepatocytes, which expel them into the lumen of the bile canaliculus via the transport protein bile salt export pump (BSEP). Conjugated bile acids are partially deconjugated during passage through the intestine. Bile acids are recovered from chyme and returned to the liver in portal venous blood; unconjugated bile acids are reconjugated with glycine or taurine within hepatocytes before re-export into canalicular bile [1] . That errors in synthesis or transport of bile acids may lead to intrahepatic cholestasis is well known [1,2] . Errors in conjugation of bile acids with amino acids (“amidation”), a two-step process, also may cause usual cholestasis, with jaundice, but can also produce anicteric cholestasis manifest as malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins, growth retardation, and pruritus. Few descriptions are published of children with bile-acid amidation defects and of mutations in genes that encode the enzymes responsible for amidation. Di- 3322 July 7, 2012|Volume 18|Issue 25|
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World Journal of Gastroenterology W
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Phillip S Oates, Perth Ross C Smith
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Deepak N Amarapurkar, Mumbai Abhiji
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Trine Olsen, Tromsø Eyvind J Pauls
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Conor P Delaney, Cleveland Sharon D
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S Contents EDITORIAL TOPIC HIGHLIGH
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Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS APPENDIX A
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Verhulst PJ et al . Ghrelin and glu
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Online Submissions: http://www.wjgn
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Ishikawa T. Zinc during interferon
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Sitarz R et al . Gastroenterostoma
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Sitarz R et al . Gastroenterostoma
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Morais TC et al . Gastrointestinal
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Song MJ et al . Usefulness of PET/C
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A Sensitivity B Sensitivity C Sensi
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Bae GS et al . Anti-inflammatory ef
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B Myeloperoxidase activity (U/mg pr
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A Time (h) - 1 3 6 NJ4 B Relative H
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A C Time (h) - 1 3 6 NJ4-2 B Relati
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A Collagen staining (fold change) C
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CCl4/YGJ CCl4-13 wk CCl4-7 wk Contr
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CCl4/YGJ CCl4-13 wk CCl4-7 wk Contr
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liver and have potent proliferative
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A 8 wk 9 wk 10 wk 13 wk CCl4/YGJ CC
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Cheng JC. A Chinese Herbal Decoctio
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Singh R, Neo EN, Nordeen N, Shanmug
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etter patient tolerance with regard
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Key words: Intestinal alkaline phos
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Molnár K et al . iAP in pediatric
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Chung WC et al . Ulcer after gastre
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Yang HY et al . Early resection of
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Page 104 and 105: Zhao WC, Zhang HB, Yang N, Fu Y, Qi
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Page 108 and 109: Table 3 Area under the receiver ope
Page 111 and 112: Zhao WC et al . Prognostic factors
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Page 118 and 119: COMMENTS Background Gastric motilit
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Page 122: A Serum ALT (U/L) C Serum alkaline
Page 126 and 127: REFERENCES 1 Schibler U. Circadian
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Page 140: 21 Tosolini M, Kirilovsky A, Mlecni
Page 147 and 148: Diao TJ et al . NO and hepatopulmon
Page 149 and 150: Gallegos M et al . Lymphogranuloma
Page 151: Gallegos M et al . Lymphogranuloma
Page 155 and 156: A Hadžić N et al . Diagnosis in B
Page 157 and 158: Hadžić N et al . Diagnosis in BAA
Page 159 and 160: A B Chung HJ et al . Choledocholith
Page 161 and 162: Chung HJ et al . Choledocholithiasi
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Page 165 and 166: Instructions to authors ISSN and EI
Page 167 and 168: Instructions to authors AIM (no mor
Page 169 and 170: Instructions to authors Guidelines
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