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Camberwell Library21 March 2013Appendix AA.3.2Sound pressure level measurements are normally taken with an A-weighting (denoted by asubscript ‘A’, e.g. L A90 ) to approximate the frequency response of the human ear.A.4 Reverberation Time (RT60, T mf )A.4.1Reverberation time is the time taken in seconds for the sound level within a space to decay by60 dB and an important indicator of the subjective acoustic quality within a room Reverberationtime can be measured using the procedures set out in BS EN ISO 3382:2001 Acoustics –Measurement of the reverberation time of rooms with reference to other acoustical parameters.A.4.2BB93 recommends suitable reverberation times to provide clear speech communication withinteaching areas, T mf ; the mid-frequency arithmetic average of the reverberation time in the 500Hz, 1 kHz and 2 kHz octave bands.A.5 Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption CoefficientA.5.1When sound waves strike a material, some of the sound energy is absorbed and the remainingenergy is reflected. The ability of a material to absorb sound is expressed in terms of soundabsorption coefficient. The sound absorption coefficient (α) is the percentage of soundabsorbed by the material. If a material has α = 0.8 at 500 Hz it means that 80% of the sound isabsorbed at this frequency. Sound absorption can be measured using the procedures set out inBS EN 20354 Acoustics – Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room. Singlefigure descriptors include the practical sound absorption coefficient (αp) and weighted soundabsorption coefficient (αw) as defined in BS EN ISO 11654:1997 Acoustics – Sound absorbersfor use in buildings - Rating of sound absorption. Other commonly used terms (in the USA) areNRC (Noise Reduction Coefficient) which is the arithmetic average of α at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1kHz and 2 kHz rounded to the nearest 5%.A.6 Airborne SoundA.6.1Sound in the air is generated by a material vibrating which in turn causes air molecules tovibrate and create a sound wave. For example, sound produced by a loudspeaker in a roomcan be classified as ‘airborne’ sound.A.7 Airborne Sound InsulationA.7.1Airborne sound insulation is the ability of a material or room to contain sound within it, orexclude sound from it.A.7.2This is commonly measured in terms of sound reduction index, being the ratio of soundtransmitted by the material to that incident upon it. Airborne sound insulation can be measuredusing the procedures set out in BS EN ISO 140-3:1995 Acoustics – Laboratory measurement ofairborne sound insulation of building elements and BS EN ISO 140-4:1998 Acoustics – Fieldmeasurements of airborne sound insulation between rooms.A.8 Sound Level Difference (D)2
Camberwell Library21 March 2013Appendix AA.8.1The sound insulation required between two spaces may be determined by the sound leveldifference (D) between them. Single figure descriptors include the weighted sound leveldifference (D w ) and the normalised weighted sound level difference (D nTw ) as defined in BS ENISO 717-1:1997 Acoustics – Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements.Part 1. Airborne sound insulation. In the context of BB93 the sound level difference isnormalised to the recommended reverberation time (T mf ) of the room, and expressedD nT(Tmf,max),w .A.9 Sound Reduction Index (R)A.9.1The sound reduction index, R, (or transmission loss) of a building element is a measure of theloss of sound through the material, i.e. its attenuation properties. It is a property of thecomponent, unlike the sound level difference which is affected by the common area betweenthe rooms and the acoustic of the receiving room. Airborne sound insulation can be measuredusing the procedures set out in BS EN ISO 140-3:1995 Acoustics – Laboratory measurement ofairborne sound insulation of building elements.A.10 Weighted Sound Reduction Index (R w ) and Apparent WeightedSound Reduction Index (R’ w )A.10.1 The weighted sound reduction index, Rw, is a single figure description of sound reduction indexwhich is defined in BS EN ISO 717-1: 1997. The R w is calculated from measurements in anacoustic laboratory to BS EN ISO 140-3:1997 and ratings to BS EN ISO 717-1:1997. Soundinsulation ratings derived from site (which are invariably lower than the laboratory figures) arereferred to as the R’ w ratings and measured to BS EN ISO 140-4:1998.A.10.2 The method for conversion of recommended D nT(Tmf,max),w ratings to R w in accordance withBB93.Where: STmf,max Rw, est DnT(Tmf ,max), w10log 8dBV Rw Rw,est X dBS =V =X =D nT(Tmf,max),w =Surface area of separating partitionVolume of receiving roomReduction accounting for unfavourable mounting conditions andworkmanship than in laboratory tests.BB93 standardised sound level difference.3
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