Affluence and Food: A Simple Way to Infer Incomes - The University ...

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TABLE 8PROBABILITY OF INCOME DIFFERENCES BYDISTANCE BETWEEN COUNTRIESDistance as measured Probability that country c is richer than c+xby band width(Number of countries) Marginal Cumulativexc c+xc c+yx P( Q > Q ) ∑ P ( Q > Q )y=0(1) (2) (3)0 0.000 0.0001 0.553 0.2732 0.594 0.3773 0.633 0.4394 0.682 0.4855 0.719 0.5226 0.747 0.5517 0.777 0.5778 0.799 0.5999 0.823 0.61910 0.836 0.63611 0.856 0.65112 0.872 0.66613 0.887 0.67914 0.904 0.69115 0.918 0.70216 0.925 0.71217 0.934 0.72118 0.945 0.73019 0.956 0.73820 0.967 0.74521 0.972 0.75222 0.980 0.75823 0.987 0.76424 0.989 0.77025 0.992 0.77526 0.996 0.77927 0.997 0.78328 0.999 0.78729 0.999 0.7930 0.999 0.79331 1.000 0.79632 1.000 0.79833 1.000 0.80034 1.000 0.80235 1.000 0.80436 1.000 0.80537 1.000 0.80638 1.000 0.80739 1.000 0.80840 1.000 0.80841 1.000 0.808Notes:1. Countries are indexed by c = 1,…,42 and ranked in terms of decreasing per capitaincome. Column 2 gives the relative frequency that country c is richer than country c+x(x ≥ 0, the "band width") , for c = 1, ..., 42. Alternatively, in the 1,000 realisations ofthe 42 × 42 matrix⎡⎣⎤⎦Q (s) a(s) b(s)= Q - Q , s = 1, ...,1, 000 , the entry in column 2corresponding to band width x, is the average of the relative frequencies on the subdiagonal x steps away from the main diagonal once removed.2. Column 3 gives the relative frequencies of positive values contained in the bands of(s)Q , s = 1, ...,1, 000 , x steps away from the main diagonal once removed.34
TABLE 9COMPARISON OF ROMANIA AND FRANCEConcept(1)Ratio of food shares:wRwFObserved(2)2.72Priceadjusted(3)RR⎧⎪⎛ w ⎞ ⎛ w ⎞⎫⎪exp ⎨log⎜ logF ⎟ − ∆ ⎜ F ⎟⎬⎪⎩⎝ w ⎠ ⎝ w ⎠⎪⎭2.35Estimated income difference:R1 ⎛ w ⎞logRF ⎜ F ⎟η −1 ⎝ w ⎠-1.67RR1 ⎧⎪⎛ w ⎞ ⎛ w ⎞⎫⎪log logRF ⎨ ⎜ F ⎟ − ∆ ⎜ F ⎟⎬η −1⎪⎩⎝ w ⎠ ⎝ w ⎠⎪⎭-1.42Percentage difference -81% -76%35
Page 1 and 2: ECONOMICSAFFLUENCE AND FOODA Simple
Page 3: 1. IntroductionEconomists’ fascin
Page 6 and 7: etween food consumption and income,
Page 8 and 9: where φ is the income flexibility
Page 11: higher share, so that in effect we
Page 15: APPENDIXAll data are from the OECD
Page 18 and 19: To further interpret the relative p
Page 20 and 21: REFERENCESBarlow, R. (1977). “A T
Page 22 and 23: TABLE 2MATRIX OF CHANGES IN FOOD BU
Page 24 and 25: TABLE 4MATRIX OF RATIOS OF CHANGES
Page 26 and 27: SCATTER OF CHANGES IN FOOD BUDGET S
Page 28 and 29: TABLE 5THE FLORIDA MODEL: ESTIMATES
Page 30 and 31: 2. Q * = geometric mean of Q c3. SD
Page 32 and 33: FIGURE 6TWO MEASURES OF INCOME DIFF
Page 34 and 35: TABLE 7SIMULATED INCOME DIFFERENCES
Page 38 and 39: TABLE A1BUDGET SHARES OF 12 GOODS I
Page 40 and 41: TABLE A3VOLUME OF CONSUMPTION PER C
Page 42: TABLE A5CONSUMPTION AND GDP PER CAP

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