GAWK: Effective AWK Programming

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272 GAWK: Effective AWK Programming$ LDFLAGS="-s -Zcrtdll -Zlinker /exepack:2 -Zlinker /pm:vio -Zstack 0x6000"$ export LDFLAGS$ RANLIB="echo"$ export RANLIB$ ./configure --prefix=c:/usr --without-included-gettext$ make AR=emxomfarThese are just suggestions. You may use any other set of (self-consistent) environmentvariables and compiler flags.To get an FHS-compliant file hierarchy it is recommended to use the additionalconfigure options ‘--infodir=c:/usr/share/info’, ‘--mandir=c:/usr/share/man’ and‘--libexecdir=c:/usr/lib’.If you use GCC 2.95 it is recommended to use also:$ LIBS="-lgcc"$ export LIBSYou can also get an a.out executable if you prefer:$ CPPFLAGS="-D__ST_MT_ERRNO__"$ export CPPFLAGS$ CFLAGS="-O2 -Zmt"$ export CFLAGS$ LDFLAGS="-s -Zstack 0x6000"$ LIBS="-lgcc"$ unset RANLIB$ ./configure --prefix=c:/usr$ makeNOTE: Versions later than GCC 2.95, i.e., GCC 3.x using the Innotek libc werenot tested.NOTE: Even if the compiled gawk.exe (a.out) executable contains a DOSheader, it does not work under DOS. To compile an executable that runs underDOS, "-DPIPES_SIMULATED" must be added to CPPFLAGS. But then somenonstandard extensions of gawk (e.g., ‘|&’) do not work!After compilation the internal tests can be performed. Enter ‘make check CMP="diff-a"’ at your command prompt. All tests except for the pid test are expected to workproperly. The pid test fails because child processes are not started by fork().‘make install’ works as expected.NOTE: Most OS/2 ports of GNU make are not able to handle the Makefilesof this package. If you encounter any problems with make try GNUMake 3.79.1 or later versions. You should find the latest version onftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/.B.3.1.3 Compiling gawk For Dynamic LibrariesTo compile gawk with dynamic extension support, uncomment the definitions of DYN_FLAGS,DYN_EXP, DYN_OBJ, and DYN_MAKEXP in the configuration section of the ‘Makefile’. Thereare two definitions for DYN_MAKEXP: pick the one that matches your target.
Appendix B: Installing gawk 273To build some of the example extension libraries, cd to the extension directory and copy‘Makefile.pc’ to ‘Makefile’. You can then build using the same two targets. To run theexample awk scripts, you’ll need to either change the call to the extension function to matchthe name of the library (for instance, change "./ordchr.so" to "ordchr.dll" or simply"ordchr"), or rename the library to match the call (for instance, rename ‘ordchr.dll’ to‘ordchr.so’).If you build gawk.exe with one compiler but want to build an extension library with theother, you need to copy the import library. Visual C uses a library called ‘gawk.lib’, whileMinGW uses a library called ‘libgawk.a’. These files are equivalent and will interoperateif you give them the correct name. The resulting shared libraries are also interoperable.To create your own extension library, you can use the examples as models, butyou’re essentially on your own. Post to comp.lang.awk or send electronic mail toptjm@interlog.com if you have problems getting started. If you need to access functionsor variables which are not exported by gawk.exe, add them to ‘gawkw32.def’ and rebuild.You should also add ATTRIBUTE_EXPORTED to the declaration in ‘awk.h’ of any variablesyou add to ‘gawkw32.def’.Note that extension libraries have the name of the awk executable embedded in themat link time, so they will work only with gawk.exe. In particular, they won’t work if yourename gawk.exe to awk.exe or if you try to use pgawk.exe. You can perform profiling bytemporarily renaming pgawk.exe to gawk.exe. You can resolve this problem by changingthe program name in the definition of DYN_MAKEXP for your compiler.On Windows32, libraries are sought first in the current directory, then in the directorycontaining gawk.exe, and finally through the PATH environment variable.B.3.1.4 Using gawk on PC Operating SystemsWith the exception of the Cygwin environment, the ‘|&’ operator and TCP/IP networking(see Section 10.3 [Using gawk for Network Programming], page 172) are not supported forMS-DOS or MS-Windows. EMX (OS/2 only) does support at least the ‘|&’ operator.The OS/2 and MS-DOS versions of gawk search for program files as described inSection 11.4 [The AWKPATH Environment Variable], page 183. However, semicolons(rather than colons) separate elements in the AWKPATH variable. If AWKPATH is not setor is empty, then the default search path for OS/2 (16 bit) and MS-DOS versions is".;c:/lib/awk;c:/gnu/lib/awk".The search path for OS/2 (32 bit, EMX) is determined by the prefix directory (mostlikely ‘/usr’ or ‘c:/usr’) that has been specified as an option of the configure script like itis the case for the Unix versions. If ‘c:/usr’ is the prefix directory then the default searchpath contains ‘.’ and ‘c:/usr/share/awk’. Additionally, to support binary distributionsof gawk for OS/2 systems whose drive ‘c:’ might not support long file names or might notexist at all, there is a special environment variable. If UNIXROOT specifies a drive then thisspecific drive is also searched for program files. E.g., if UNIXROOT is set to ‘e:’ the completedefault search path is ".;c:/usr/share/awk;e:/usr/share/awk".An sh-like shell (as opposed to command.com under MS-DOS or cmd.exe under OS/2)may be useful for awk programming. Ian Stewartson has written an excellent shell for MS-DOS and OS/2, Daisuke Aoyama has ported GNU bash to MS-DOS using the DJGPP tools,and several shells are available for OS/2, including ksh. The file ‘README_d/README.pc’ in
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