Fighter Combat

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BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 93At position "7" in this example the high fighter has the necessaryseparation to avoid another overshoot, so rather than the lead roll andwings-level pull-out as before, it performs a rolling pull-out to arrive at anoffensive lag-pursuit position at time "8."In case things do not work out quite as smoothly as he would wish, thedefender (in the F-5E) may wish to disengage from the rolling scissors andexit the fight. The time to make this decision is during the pull-down tothe vertical dives, positions "5" and "7" in this example. If things do notlook rosy at such times, the pilot of the high fighter should modify hispull-out to minimize separation and maximize TCA at the next pass.Ideally he would like to pass directly over the bogey on an exactly oppositeheading (180° TCA) and dive away in an extension as described in Figure2-18.To get ability you need good training.Colonel Erich "Bubi" Hartmann, GAPTo recap, the most efficient technique in the rolling scissors limits allturning to vertical planes (i.e., wings-level pull-ups and pull-downs) untilpurely vertical attitudes are reached. All heading changes (horizontalturns) are performed by rolling in the vertical attitude. Lead rolls arenormally employed in both the climbs and the dives. Max-G should beused over the top of each loop, and sustained-G levels are maintained alongthe bottom. Speed control is very important, particularly in the pull-out.Returning to Figure 2-21 for a moment, consider that the condition thatprecipitated the rolling scissors, and the eventual loss of the offensive forthe attacker, was the overshoot that occurred between times "I" and "2."If the attacker had recognized the situation earlier he could have rolled hiswings level (performed a quarter roll) at time "1," pulled up vertically tominimize his overshoot (as with the high yo-yo), and probably retained theoffensive even if a rolling scissors had resulted.When both fighters are fairly evenly matched in performance and usethe tactics outlined here, the rolling scissors often evolves into a co-planartail-chase in the vertical plane. The same techniques still apply, exceptthat no rolls are required. The successful pilot must control speed, modulateload factor with airspeed for best sustained performance, and pulllead (i.e., use max-G) across the top of the loop and lag (use sustained G)along the bottom.The most important thing for a fighter pilot is to get his first victory withouttoo much shock.Colonel Werner Moelders, Luftwaffe115 Victories, WW-II and Spanish Civil WarDefensive SpiralThe defensive spiral is essentially a very tight rolling scissors goingstraight down. It quite often results when one fighter has achieved aclose-in, rear-hemisphere position against a slow-speed opponent. Figure2-22 depicts an example of this maneuver.In order to generate some AOT to spoil a guns-tracking solution, the
94 BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERSFigure 2-22. Defensive Spiral
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Fighter CombatTACTICS AND MANEUVERI
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ContentsPrefaceixAcknowledgmentsxvA
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CONTENTSVllSingle-Side Offset 353Tr
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XPREFACEtactics varied greatly, and
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PREFACEXlllseconds, while today's f
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XVIACKNOWLEDGMENTSGodfrey, John T.,
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XV111ABBREVIATIONSHUD heads-up disp
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1Fighter WeaponsFighter aircraft ex
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 6lets. Another fact
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 5gun as the fighter
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 7reliability, cost-
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FIGHTER WEAPONS ?The final complica
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FIGHTER WEAPONS \ \span of the enem
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 13cause large, erra
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 15Gun EmploymentWhe
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 17I am not a good s
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 19Guns are like alc
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 21Most snapshots li
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 23second) should be
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 25tion of the targe
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 27Instead, the defe
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 29firing zone by re
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 31This maneuver spo
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 33swiveling the noz
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 35they are more sus
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 37home on reciproca
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 39The various forms
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FIGHTER WEAPONS 41in bad weather, s
Page 62 and 63: FIGHTER WEAPONS 43Of course, this t
Page 64 and 65: FIGHTER WEAPONS 45is sometimes call
Page 66 and 67: FIGHTER WEAPONS 47NON-MANEUVERINGMA
Page 68 and 69: FIGHTER WEAPONS 49the radar track,
Page 70 and 71: FIGHTER WEAPONS 5 1Besides the guid
Page 72 and 73: FIGHTER WEAPONS 53rocket-powered ve
Page 74 and 75: FIGHTER WEAPONS 55speed targets. Hi
Page 76 and 77: FIGHTER WEAPONS 57detect the target
Page 78 and 79: FIGHTER WEAPONS 59For forward- or r
Page 80 and 81: FIGHTER WEAPONS 61varies with range
Page 82 and 83: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 63Lead Purs
Page 84 and 85: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 65attacker
Page 86 and 87: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 67Effective
Page 88 and 89: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 69that he p
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Page 92 and 93: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 73improve t
Page 94 and 95: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 75Figure 2-
Page 96 and 97: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 77approach
Page 98 and 99: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 79Figure 2-
Page 100 and 101: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 81plane of
Page 102 and 103: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 83direction
Page 104 and 105: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 85essential
Page 106 and 107: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 87speed for
Page 108 and 109: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 89proportio
Page 110 and 111: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 91attacker)
Page 114 and 115: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 95slow-spee
Page 116 and 117: BASIC FIGHTER MANEUVERS 97When it i
Page 118 and 119: ONE-VERSUS-ONE MANEUVERING, SIMILAR
Page 158 and 159: One-versus-OneManeuvering,Dissimila
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ONE-VERSUS-ONE MANEUVERING, DISSIMI
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Section Tactics,Two-versus-OneNever
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SECTION TACTICS, TWC-VERSUS-ONE 197
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 199h
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SECTION TACTICS, TWO-VERSUS-ONE 201
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 207a
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 209M
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 211F
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 213e
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 215e
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 217h
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 219A
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 221D
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SECTION TACTICS, TWC-VERSUS-ONE 223
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 225a
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 227F
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 229s
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 231d
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 233s
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-ONE 235p
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 237v
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SECTION TACTICS, TWC-VERSUS-TWO 239
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 241w
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 243f
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 245b
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SECTION TACTICS, TWC-VERSUS-TWO 247
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 249F
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 251g
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 253t
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SECTION TACTICS, TWO-VERSUS-TWO 255
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 257d
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 259c
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 261F
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SECTION TACTICS, TWOVERSUS-TWO 263i
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SECTION TACTICS, TWO-VERSUS-TWO 265
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DIVISION TACTICS 267sides late in W
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DIVISION TACTICS 269unacceptably hi
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DIVISION TACTICS 271Figure 7-4. Lin
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DIVISION TACTICS 273Figure 7-6.Sect
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DIVISION TACTICS 2755. In any form
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DIVISION TACTICS 277when the divisi
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DIVISION TACTICS 279"Gaggle" doctri
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DIVISION TACTICS 281Figure 7-11. Ga
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DIVISION TACTICS 283on the lookout
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DIVISION TACTICS 285It is when a fo
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DIVISION TACTICS 287attack by the d
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DIVISION TACTICS 289low-performance
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 291previ
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 293attac
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 295Other
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 297We ne
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 299Figur
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 301be me
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 303Quite
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 305many
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 307great
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 309very
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 311arran
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 313area
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UNLIMITED-AIRCRAFT TACTICS 315The m
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 317conflict, air s
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 319man will, who,
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 321friendly aircra
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 323quested informa
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 325The massed atta
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 327by installation
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 329bombers' defens
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 331must be assured
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 333attacked just a
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 335proven consiste
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 337already been co
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 339between the two
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 341decoys and fein
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 343Figure 9-5. Fig
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FIGHTER MISSIONS 345remote escorts.
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 347often have t
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 349The goal of
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 351interceptor'
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 353and closing
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 355the intercep
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 357shoot before
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 359element, as
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 361bogey neutra
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 363bogey. It is
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 365for the inte
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 367since additi
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 369tial, partic
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 371RWR equipmen
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 373Figure 10-15
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 375of fighters
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 377out." This c
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 379One peek is
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 381general, the
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 383lead to 30-m
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TACTICAL INTERCEPTS 385considered t
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388 APPENDIXcould not or simply wou
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390 APPENDIXmust be a limit. Usuall
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392 APPENDIXFigure A-3. Level Insta
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394 APPENDIXwhich is classified as
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396 APPENDIXonly about half its sea
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398 APPENDIXFigure A-8. Origin of I
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400 APPENDIXveloped to lessen the e
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402 APPENDIXFigure A-12, Possible L
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404 APPENDIXFigure A-14. Effect of
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406 APPENDIXFigure A-15. Sample Cli
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408 APPENDIXturn performance (i.e.,
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410 APPENDIXtrolling airspeed, keep
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412 APPENDIXgravity, radial G will
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414 APPENDIXFigure A-20. Variations
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416 APPENDIXFigure A-22. Lift versu
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BibliographyAir Force Flight Test C
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IndexAcceleration performance, 29-3
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INDEX 423Escort. See Strike escortE
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INDEX 425212-14, 224, 233, 237, 240
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INDEX 427Sustained turns, 88-90, 92
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Fighter Combat

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