Socio-economic assessment and feasibility study on - Öko-Institut eV
Socio-economic assessment and feasibility study on - Öko-Institut eV
Socio-economic assessment and feasibility study on - Öko-Institut eV
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110<br />
August 2010<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Socio</str<strong>on</strong>g>-<str<strong>on</strong>g>ec<strong>on</strong>omic</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>assessment</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>feasibility</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>study</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<strong>on</strong> sustainable e-waste management in Ghana<br />
Annex II: Checklist to identify health <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> safety risks<br />
Checklist for obvious health <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> safety risks during the refurbishing <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> recycling of electric<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> electr<strong>on</strong>ic equipment.<br />
Product / comp<strong>on</strong>ent Health hazards during refurbishing <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> recycling operati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
Printers & t<strong>on</strong>er<br />
cartridges<br />
Emissi<strong>on</strong>s from t<strong>on</strong>er dust <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> ink. Direct c<strong>on</strong>tact with t<strong>on</strong>er dust <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> ink should be<br />
avoided.<br />
CRT-m<strong>on</strong>itors Damage to the tube leads to the emissi<strong>on</strong> of hazardous dust. In additi<strong>on</strong>, CRT-glass<br />
is penetrated with lead so that broken <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> pulverised CRT-glass might cause lead<br />
emissi<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
LCD-m<strong>on</strong>itors<br />
Damages to the backlights of the screens can lead to the emissi<strong>on</strong> of mercury.<br />
(flat screens)<br />
Electric <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> electr<strong>on</strong>ic<br />
equipment in general<br />
Plastics from electric<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> electr<strong>on</strong>ic<br />
equipment<br />
Copper-c<strong>on</strong>taining<br />
parts in c<strong>on</strong>juncti<strong>on</strong><br />
with plastics<br />
Fumes from soldering operati<strong>on</strong>s (these fumes should not be inhaled)<br />
Most plastics from electric <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> electr<strong>on</strong>ic equipment are penetrated with partly<br />
hazardous flame-retardants. Therefore melting <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> burning of these plastics<br />
releases substantial amounts of hazardous substances. Additi<strong>on</strong>ally, dust from<br />
breaking <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> crushing of plastics can lead to the emissi<strong>on</strong> of hazardous dusts.<br />
In order to recover copper, the burning of cooper c<strong>on</strong>taining parts <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> cables is quite<br />
widespread in many countries. During burning of plastics <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> especially PVC,<br />
significant amounts of hazardous substances are emitted.<br />
Printed circuit boards In some countries, recyclers extract precious metals from printed circuit boards by<br />
acid leaching. This process holds many health & safety risks.<br />
Batteries of electric <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> Damages to batteries can lead to the emissi<strong>on</strong> of hazardous substances.<br />
electr<strong>on</strong>ic equipment
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