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EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES were at par with each other recording 68 and 72 kg/ ha nitrogen uptake and 28 and 29 kg/ha phosphorus uptake respectively. While the lowest potassium uptake was recorded with control (178 kg/ha) which was on par with neem cake 3 t ha -1 , castor cake 3 t ha -1 and neem cake 4.2 t ha -1 recording 180, 186 and 191 values respectively. Nutrient uptake is a positive function of dry matter yield. Owing to ready release of nutrients in available forms, N, P and K uptake was higher with RDF treatment compared to other treatments. In the present study, crop has best performed with RDF with respect to growth parameters, yield and nutrient uptake. Among the organic manures used, vermicompost was found to be promising which might be due to the fact that it reduces the leaching losses which resulted in increased availability of nitrogen for longer period. There was superior and desired reproductive growth which might have observed more due to the availability of nutrients by its application along with biofertilizers, thus ultimately higher yield (Jambhelkar, 1994). The results indicated that comparable yields could be obtained when the plants were supplied with organic manures and biofertilizers. In other words, the entire nutrient requirement of the plants could be met exclusively through organics without impairing its productivity whenever organic manures are available in abundance at a cheaper cost or they could be integrated with inorganic sources whenever their availability in limited. REFERENCES Anon, 1975. Gherkins (Cucumis sativus L.). Farm Digest. 1-3: 6-8. Curry, J.P and Byrne, D. 1992. The role of earthworms in straw decomposition and nitrogen turnover in arable land in Ireland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 24(12): 1409-1412. Jambhelkar, H. 1994. Bio-organic farming. Paper presented in the seminar on Development of Agriculture in Andhra Pradesh held on 4 th and 5 th September, 1‘994 at Hyderabad., p.16. Purseglove, J. W. 1969. Tropical Crops Dicotyledons- 1. Longmans Green and Co. Ltd pp, 109-110. Shivashankaramurthy, T. C., Nagegowda, V., Basavaiah and Farooqui, A. A. 2007. Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and quality of gherkin. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 64(2) June : 228- 230. Singh, D. N and Chhonkar, V. S. 1986. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on growth and yield of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). Indian Journal of Horticulture. 43(3/4): 265-269. 29
J.Res. ANGRAU 40(1)30-34, 2012 DRY MATTER PARTITIONING AND GRAIN YIELD POTENTIAL OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AS INFLUENCED BY DATES OF SOWING AND NITROGEN APPLICATION P. LEELA RANI, D. RAJI REDDY, G. SREENIVAS, V. PRAVEEN RAO K. SUREKHA and A. SIVA SANKAR Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderqabad - 500 030 Date of Receipt : 23.12.2011 Date of Acceptance : 02.02.2012 ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during Kharif 2009 and 2010. with four dates of sowing (7 Jul, 21 Jul, 6 Aug and 22 Aug in 2009 and 18 Jun, 02 Jul, 17 Jul and 02 Aug in 2010) as main plots and five nitrogen levels (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg N ha -1 ) as sub-plots in split plot design replicated thrice. During both the years of study crop sown from 18 June to 21 June recorded significantly more dry matter. Sowing beyond 21 July in 2009 and 17 July in 2010 reduced the DM production by 11 per cent, over early sown crop. Application of 200 kg N ha -1 was considered significant for increasing dry matter and grain yield even though increase was observed upto 400kg ha -1 . The mean dry matter partitioning towards leaf, stem and cob at physiological maturity was 16, 20 and 65 per cent respectively with 200 kg N ha -1 . An experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during Kharif 2009 and 2010 with four dates of sowing (7 Jul, 21 Jul, 6 Aug and 22 Aug in 2009 and 18 Jun, 02 Jul, 17 Jul and 02 Aug in 2010) as main plots and five nitrogen levels (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg N ha -1 ) as sub-plots in split plot design replicated thrice. During both the years of study crop sown from 18 June to 21 June recorded significantly more dry matter. Sowing beyond 21 July in 2009 and 17 July in 2010 reduced the DM production by 11 per cent, over early sown crop. Application of 200 kg N ha -1 was considered significant for increasing dry matter and grain yield even though increase was observed upto 400kg ha -1 . The mean dry matter partitioning towards leaf, stem and cob at physiological maturity was 16, 20 and 65 per cent respectively with 200 kg N ha -1 . The increasing demand for maize is rapidly transforming cropping systems in certain parts of Asia. Where the biophysical and socioeconomic conditions are favourable, significant shifts from rice monoculture to more Profitable rice-maize systems have either occurred or are emerging (IRRI and CIMMYT, 2006). In Andhra Pradesh, maize area increased from 4.4 lakh ha (2000) to 8.5 lakh ha with higher productivity of 4882 kg ha -1 (CMIE, 2009). Introduction of high yielding single cross hybrids coupled with high input management and its spread to non traditional areas of rice-pulse system have resulted in more production. Planting date is an important non monitory input that influences the crop performance to a great extent. Besides date of sowing, nitrogen management plays a key role in realizing higher yields. Nitrogen fertilizer is universally accepted as a key component to high yield, high seed quality and optimum economic return. Optimizing the input of N at the farm level would maximize biomass production and harvest index (Pandey et al. 2000). Therefore, an experiment was carried out with an objective to study the effect of planting dates and N levels for enhancing partitioning of DM to maximize grain yield. MATERIALS AND METHODS A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2009 and 2010 at Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad having 17 0 19’ N Latitude, 78 0 23’ E Longitude and 542.3 m above mean sea level. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture, neutral in reaction, low in available nitrogen, phosphorus and high in available potassium. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four dates of sowing (7 Jul, 21 Jul, 6 Aug and 22 Aug in 2009 and 18 Jun, 02 Jul, 17 Jul and 02 Aug in 2010) as main plots and five nitrogen levels (N 0 : 0 kg ha -1 (control), N 1 : 100 kg ha -1 , N 2 : 200 kg ha -1 , N 3 : 300 kg ha -1 and N 4 : 400 kg ha -1 ) as sub-plots, replicated thrice. Crop was e-mail : leelaagro@yahoo.co.in. 30
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