Research Journal of Science & IT Management - RJSITM - The ...

the number of IB customers have increased almost three fold
between 2007 and 2010 while the value of IB transactions
have tripled over the same period. The trend is expected to
continue with gradual decrease in the costs of internet access
and an increase in the number of banks offering this service
Methodology
According to Internet World Stats 1 , Mauritius is considered
an Intermediately Internet Penetrated Country. For a
population size of 1,303,717 (2011) and 340,000 Internet
Users, Mauritius has an Internet Penetration 26.7% and has
a constantly growing part of its population using IB. As a
result, it is very important for this study to investigate the
different factors that influence the usage of IB in Mauritius.
For the purpose of this study only individual users have
been considered.
A quantitative study was selected to obtain data regarding
the usage of and attitudes towards IB. An online survey
methodology approach was adopted. Based on Statistical
Tables, a sample size of 398 was required for 95%
Confidence Level, +/-5% and 0.5 degree of variability.
Since a detailed list of all bank account holders is not
available (for obvious confidential reasons), a convenience
sampling method was used instead of a probabilistic method
(such as simple random sampling). Emails were sent to
individuals on the assumption that every working person
holds a bank account. A total of 321 responses were
obtained out of which 30 were incomplete. Thus, a total of
291 valid responses were obtained with a response rate of
73.1%.
Organisation of the Questionnaire
The questionnaire was prepared based on various sources of
IB and technology acceptance literature (Polatoglu and
Ekin, 2001; Wai-Ching Poon, 2008; Yousafzai et al., 2010).
The first section of the questionnaire contained biographical
information about respondents which was meant for all
users. The second part contained information destined for
users of IB while the third part was aimed at non-users of
IB. A five-point Likert scale was used for questions in parts
two and three of the questionnaire.
The questionnaire was pretested several times with
colleagues and experts in the field of IB to ensure face
validity of items included in the data collection instrument.
The pilot test also included a random sample of 20 bank
account holders to ensure that the questions were clear and
easily understandable so as to avoid any confusion and thus
not deterring the participation of the bank account holders
which is of paramount importance (Wai-Ching Poon, 2008).
Following comments from respondents of the pilot test,
minor amendments were made to the wordings and
sequence of sentences contained in the questionnaire. The
questionnaire was then sent online with a cover letter
explaining the academic purpose of the study and
highlighting the fact that participation was purely voluntary.
An online questionnaire was deemed better than a paper
based one for the following reasons: there is no need to print
questionnaires which saves on cost and contributes to the
1 www.internetworldstats.com : Usage and Population Statistics
promotion of a sustainable world; responses remain
anonymous; respondents can fill the questionnaire at their
own convenience; a large number of people can be reached
at the click of the mouse. In addition, it saves us time on
data input.
Data Analysis
Data collected was analysed using version 19 of IBM SPSS
Statistics. A total of 321 responses were obtained out of
which 30 were incomplete. A total of 291 valid responses
were obtained. Two sets of factor analyses were performed
for both users and non-users. A logistic regression (LR) was
also performed to identify the profile of the Mauritian IB
user/non-user.
Findings
The demographic profile of the respondents that participated
in the survey are summarised in Table II. We observe that
there were more females (60%) than males (40%). In
addition, the majority of the respondents (above 80%) were
below 35 years of age and (around 75%) possesses at least a
Diploma. In terms of household income, about 40% were in
the group Rs 10,000 to Rs 25,000. Above 90% have Internet
at home and above 80% have it at the work place. However,
only around 54% use IB. Among IB users, the frequency of
usage of the majority of users is once a week or less. Table
III summarises the different activities or tasks performed by
IB users. The list was prepared based on decreasing
frequency of usage. We observe that the majority use IB for
viewing their account details (including account balance),
for making transfers (internally, i.e., within accounts of the
users or externally, to other users within same banks and
other banks) and recharging mobile phones. The findings are
in line with Polatoglu and Ekin (2001) who found that the
mostly used IB services in Turkey are for information
inquiry and transfer of funds. The least used services were
found to be ‘Stop lost / stolen cheque’ and ‘Remove 'stop
cheque' request’ which could be anticipated as bank
customers will prefer to go personally to the bank given the
urgency of the matter.
Factor Analysis
Users of IB
The aim of this analysis is to group the 19 variables
indicating usage of IB into underlying dimensions. The
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value reached 0.823 which is
considered excellent for factor analysis (Kaiser, 1974). The
Barlett test of sphericity reached statistical significance
(0.000) indicating that factor analysis is appropriate.
According to the Kaiser principle, only those factors with
eigenvalues greater than 1 were maintained for further
analysis. Principal Component Analysis revealed the
presence of four factors which together explain a variance of
64%. A clear structure emerged after reducing the variables
to four factors. A varimax rotation was performed to
reorganise the four components. As a general rule factor,
loadings less than 0.4 have been suppressed. The variables
are listed in the Table IV, in the order of size of their factor
loadings. Statements around component one give evidence
of perceived ease of use and availability of infrastructure
which are in accord with the findings of Davis et al., (1989)
and Broderick and Vachirapornpuk (2002).
www.theinternationaljournal.org > RJSITM: Volume: 01, Number: 08, June-2012 Page 12