THE contemporary

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United States MoMA Guggenheim NY Whitney Museum United Kingdom TATE France Centre Pompidou MAM Switzerland Italy Fondation Beyeler Venice Biennale Germany dOCUMENTA Kassel BASQUIAT Jean-Michel (1960-1988) 1992 2010/11 2010 1982 WOOL Christopher (1955) 2013 2012 2011 1992 KOONS Jeff (1955) 2014 2014/15 2012 DOIG Peter (1959) 2008 2008 2014/15 KIPPENBERGER Martin (1953-1997) 2009 2006 1993 ZENG Fanzhi (1964) 2013/14 PRINCE Richard (1949) 2007 2009* ZHU Xinjian (1953-2014) HARING Keith (1958-1990) 2004/05 2013 HIRST Damien (1965) 2012 Exhibitions of the best performing Contemporary Artists at auction July 2014 – June 2015 2003 2009 2007 1992 1984 1982 1993 © ARTPRICE.COM * Canceled by Scotland Yard Career paths The productivity and public perceptions of different artists are obviously determined by a wide variety of factors. An exhibition, a prize, or any other media exposure, can significantly modify the general reception of an artist’s work and of the artist himself. Do gallery and auction prices respond automatically to these events? Vectors of official recognition, global artistic events act as genuine career catalysts. The more prestigious the event, the stronger the price stimulus seems to be. The simple fact of announcing a major retrospective has a positive impact on the artist’s prices months before the exhibition has opened. And yet the curatorial institutions are not always the discoverers of the market’s superstars; often they just confirm a popular enthusiasm that is already well established. In France, the Centre Georges Pompidou (Musée National d’Art Moderne) has only exhibited the work of two of the world’s current top ten Contemporary artists by auction turnover, with Jeff Koons in 2015. The Koons retrospective supported an artist who already has a prominent public profile and who already enjoys intense market demand. On the other hand, Paris’s Musée d’Art Moderne has exhibited the work of half of today’s most in-demand artists. In the United States, the prestigious MoMA only appears once in the CVs of the top ten (with a Martin Kippenberger retrospective), whereas the Guggenheim Museum – more attuned to 22
The <strong>contemporary</strong> art market $160 million $120 million Jeff Koons Christopher Wool $80 million $40 million 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 H1 2015 Auction Revenue for Christopher Wool & Jeff Koons 2005 – H1 2015 © ARTPRICE.COM market trends – appears in three of the current top ten artists’ CVs. More or less in tune with market realities, these major cultural institutions represent significant milestones for artists, although they are by no means the only influencers. In reality, an artist’s career is a succession of inextricably linked events. Hence, the signing of an artist with a prestigious gallery will inevitably boost his/her market prices, but those prices will depend on the artist’s previous circumstances and, going forward, they will have a significant impact on his/her future success. Nowadays, unlike the past, the market reach of an artist and his/her prices depends less on the role of art critics than on the support provided by prominent galleries and collectors reputed for their talent-spotting flair. At the heart of this sphere of influence, the major trend-setters, through the medium of powerful networks, have substantial control over the Contemporary art market. A gallery’s influence is reflected by its international success, its financial firepower and by the promotional dynamic that it generates. The major galleries present their artists to collectors and curators at the international art fairs, issue expensive publications and often support the prices of their artists at auctions. In these ways, they influence the volume of works by their artists available on the market, and ‘construct’ their market valuations. In the Intermediary/Artist relationship, the prestige of the former fuels the success of the latter. A closer look at the career paths of the most soughtafter artists allows a better understanding of their market values. From Damien Hirst, who constructed his prices by ‘playing’ with and finally saturating the market, to Ai Weiwei, fiercely independent and rare at auction, this chapter looks at the key steps in the careers of some of the market’s current superstars. Christopher Wool outsells Jeff Koons... The two men have much in common: same age (60), same nationality (American), same influences (Andy Warhol and Pop Art in general), but their works are very different. Whereas Jeff Koons, the Prince of Kitsch, enjoys working in different media and regularly switches between photography and sculpture, Christopher Wool remains essentially focused on canvas. The former has a high media profile, is accustomed to criticism and controversy and has been the subject of a recent retrospective that has moved from the Whitney Museum in New York to the Centre Pompidou in Paris and to the Guggenheim in Bilbao. The latter only has a 23
Page 1: THE contemporary art market REPORT
Page 4 and 5: On social networks, our customers a
Page 6 and 7: Nota bene: all prices in this repor
Page 8 and 9: INTRODUCTION Contemporary art requi
Page 10 and 11: 10 Jean-Baptiste BERNADET Untitled
Page 12 and 13: Aili JIA Untitled Acrylic on board
Page 14 and 15: Urs FISCHER What if the Phone Rings
Page 16 and 17: 16 Raqib SHAW Arrival of the Horse
Page 18 and 19: United Kingdom $410.5 million 23% U
Page 20 and 21: $1,200 million $1,000 million $800
Page 24 and 25: 3,000 2,000 1,000 2000 2001 2002 20
Page 26 and 27: 26 Zeng FANZHI Mask Series No. 4 (
Page 28 and 29: 18 m$ 15 m$ 12 m$ H1 H2 9 m$ 6 m$ 3
Page 30 and 31: prize was finally attributed to the
Page 32 and 33: 6,136 individually painted pills. T
Page 34 and 35: After his first bright colour pigme
Page 36 and 37: Anish Kapoor in the gardens of the
Page 38 and 39: and supported by the art world’s
Page 40 and 41: Thomas STRUTH Pantheon, Rome (1990
Page 42 and 43: Adrian GHENIE Pie Fight Study (201
Page 44 and 45: York’s MoMA drove bidding for her
Page 46 and 47: projects. She is well represented o
Page 48 and 49: Art and politics Major artistic eve
Page 50 and 51: Professionals Insight ARTPRICE: A n
Page 52 and 53: Jones Bergamin & Sophie Su, Bolsa d
Page 54 and 55: Top 500 Contemporary Artists 2014/2
Page 56 and 57: 56 Rank Country of Birth Auction Tu
Page 64 and 65: La demeure du chaos THE abode of ch
Page 66 and 67: “Headquarter” (1999), monumenta
Page 68 and 69: “Ground Zero” (2001/2002), monu
Page 70 and 71: “The Nail” Steel sculpture, 9 m
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“Les Cages de l’Enfer ”/ “H
Page 74 and 75:
“Memento Mori”
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French-English Collector, the book
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THE contemporary

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