PHP and MySQL Web Development 4th Ed-tqw-_darksiderg

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9 Creating Your Web Database IN THIS CHAPTER, WE EXPLAIN HOW TO set up a MySQL database for use on a website. Key topics covered in this chapter include n Creating a database n Setting up users and privileges n Introducing the privilege system n Creating database tables n Creating indexes n Choosing column types in MySQL In this chapter, we follow through with the Book-O-Rama online bookstore application discussed in the preceding chapter. As a reminder, here is the schema for the Book-O- Rama application: Customers(CustomerID, Name, Address, City) Orders(OrderID, CustomerID, Amount, Date) Books(ISBN, Author, Title, Price) Order_Items(OrderID, ISBN, Quantity) Book_Reviews(ISBN, Reviews) Remember that each primary key is underlined and each foreign key is italic. To use the material in this section, you must have access to MySQL.This usually means that you have completed the basic install of MySQL on your web server.This step includes n Installing the files n Setting up a user for MySQL to run as
220 Chapter 9 Creating Your Web Database n n n n n Setting up your path Running mysql_install_db, if required Setting the root password Deleting the anonymous user and test database Starting the MySQL server for the first time and setting it up to run automatically If you’ve completed all these tasks, you can go right ahead and read this chapter. If you haven’t, you can find instructions on how to do these things in Appendix A,“Installing PHP and MySQL.” If you have problems at any point in this chapter, your MySQL system might not be set up correctly. If that is the case, refer to this list and Appendix A to make sure that your setup is correct. You should also have access to MySQL on a machine that you do not administer, such as a web hosting service, a machine at your workplace, and so on. If this is the case, to work through the examples or to create your own database, you need to have your administrator set up a user and database for you to work with and tell you the username, password, and database name she has assigned to you. You can either skip the sections of this chapter that explain how to set up users and databases or read them to better explain what you need to your system administrator. As a typical user, you cannot execute the commands to create users and databases. The examples in this chapter were built and tested with the latest MySQL 5.1 version at the time of writing. Some earlier versions of MySQL have less functionality.You should install or upgrade to the most current stable release at the time of reading. You can download the current release from the MySQL site at http://www.mysql.com. In this book, we interact with MySQL using a command-line client called the MySQL monitor, which comes with every MySQL installation. However, you can use other clients. If you are using MySQL in a hosted web environment, for example, system administrators will often provide the phpMyAdmin browser-based interface for you to use. Different GUI clients obviously involve slightly different procedures from what we describe here, but you should be able to adapt these instructions fairly easily. Using the MySQL Monitor In the MySQL examples in this chapter and the next, each command ends with a semicolon (;). It tells MySQL to execute the command. If you leave off the semicolon, nothing will happen.This is a common problem for new users. As a result of leaving off the semicolon, you can have new lines in the middle of a command.We used this scheme to make the examples easier to read.You can see where
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PHP and MySQL ® Web Development Fo
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PHP and MySQL ® Web Development, F
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Contents at a Glance Introduction 1
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Table of Contents Introduction 1 I
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xii Contents Writing to a File 67 P
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xiv Contents Comparing Strings 119
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xvi Contents Overriding 170 Prevent
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xviii Contents Looking at the Datab
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xx Contents Using Indexes 305 Using
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xxii Contents Firewalls 357 Data Ba
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xxiv Contents 18 Implementing Secur
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xxvi Contents 22 Generating Images
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xxviii Contents Using a Standard Di
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xxx Contents Implementing Payment 6
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xxxii Contents Using an Existing Sy
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xxxiv Contents Learning More about
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Acknowledgments We would like to th
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Introduction WELCOME TO PHP AND MYS
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Introduction 3 PHP is an Open Sourc
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Introduction 5 Using the Open Datab
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Introduction 7 installing it for ma
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Introduction 9 What Is New in MySQL
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I Using PHP 1 PHP Crash Course 2 St
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14 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n n n
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16 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Listi
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18 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Bob
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20 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Notic
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22 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Figur
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24 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n Lon
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28 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Under
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30 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course This
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32 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n n n
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34 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course You s
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36 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course If th
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38 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Logic
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40 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Or, e
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44 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course We ge
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46 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Refre
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48 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course If yo
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54 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Listi
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56 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course A do.
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2 Storing and Retrieving Data NOW T
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Opening a File 61 The form field fo
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Opening a File 63 In a Unix environ
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Opening a File 65 Remember that the
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Writing to a File 67 Figure 2.3 Usi
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Closing a File 69 Listing 2.1 order
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Reading from a File 71 Listing 2.2
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Reading from a File 73 Knowing When
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Reading from a File 75 This line re
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Using Other Useful File Functions 7
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A Better Way: Database Management S
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3 Using Arrays THIS CHAPTER SHOWS Y
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Numerically Indexed Arrays 83 This
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Arrays with Different Indices 85 Th
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Array Operators 87 This line uses e
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Multidimensional Arrays 89 You can
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Multidimensional Arrays 91 Truck Pa
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Sorting Multidimensional Arrays 93
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Sorting Multidimensional Arrays 95
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Reordering Arrays 97 Listing 3.1 Co
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Loading Arrays from Files 99 Listin
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Loading Arrays from Files 101 part
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Performing Other Array Manipulation
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Performing Other Array Manipulation
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4 String Manipulation and Regular E
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Creating a Sample Application: Smar
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Formatting Strings 111 Figure 4.2 U
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Formatting Strings 113 Table 4.1 Ty
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Formatting Strings 115 Figure 4.3 A
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Joining and Splitting Strings with
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Comparing Strings 119 The length pa
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Matching and Replacing Substrings w
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Introducing Regular Expressions 123
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Finding Substrings with Regular Exp
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Next 131 Note In general, the regul
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134 Chapter 5 Reusing Code and Writ
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160 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP U
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162 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP I
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164 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP S
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166 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP H
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Page 230 and 231: 7 Error and Exception Handling IN T
Page 232 and 233: The Exception Class 195 In Listing
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Page 240: Next 203 pression operator. If it f
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Page 246 and 247: Relational Database Concepts 209 Co
Page 248 and 249: Designing Your Web Database 211 Rel
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Page 254 and 255: Web Database Architecture 217 Brows
Page 258 and 259: Logging In to MySQL 221 we have use
Page 260 and 261: Introducing MySQL’s Privilege Sys
Page 266 and 267: Creating Database Tables 229 Go ahe
Page 268 and 269: Creating Database Tables 231 Listin
Page 270 and 271: Creating Database Tables 233 The bo
Page 272 and 273: Understanding MySQL Identifiers 235
Page 274 and 275: Choosing Column Data Types 237 For
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How Web Database Architectures Work
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Querying a Database from the Web 27
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Putting New Information in the Data
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Putting New Information in the Data
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Using Prepared Statements 281 Let
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Using Other PHP-Database Interfaces
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Next 285 The advantages of using MD
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288 Chapter 12 Advanced MySQL Admin
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13 Advanced MySQL Programming IN TH
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Transactions 313 applications such
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Foreign Keys 315 You should see the
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Stored Procedures 317 changes the e
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Stored Procedures 319 or drop funct
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Stored Procedures 321 action specif
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Next 323 +------+ | @l | +------+ |
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14 Running an E-commerce Site THIS
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Considering the Types of Commercial
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Understanding Risks and Threats 337
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Next 339 Evolving Governmental Poli
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342 Chapter 15 E-commerce Security
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16 Web Application Security IN THIS
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Identifying the Threats We Face 363
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Understanding Who We’re Dealing W
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Securing Your Code 367 the security
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Securing Your Code 369 However, the
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Securing Your Code 371 if (!checkda
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Securing Your Code 373 Consider the
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Securing Your Code 375 Although thi
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Securing Your Code 377 n n Have you
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Securing Your Web Server and PHP 37
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Securing Your Web Server and PHP 38
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Database Server Security 383 n Look
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Protecting the Network 385 Internet
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Computer and Operating System Secur
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Disaster Planning 389 hosted burned
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17 Implementing Authentication with
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Implementing Access Control 393 Fig
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Implementing Access Control 395 Lis
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Implementing Access Control 397 Lis
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Using Basic Authentication 399 Look
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Using Basic Authentication in PHP 4
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Using Basic Authentication with Apa
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Using Basic Authentication with Apa
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Using mod_auth_mysql Authentication
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18 Implementing Secure Transactions
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Providing Secure Transactions 411 N
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Using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 41
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Using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 41
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Providing Secure Storage 417 Screen
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Using Encryption in PHP 419 Storing
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Using Encryption in PHP 421 If you
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Using Encryption in PHP 423 and cre
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Using Encryption in PHP 425 Listing
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Further Reading 427 The script you
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IV Advanced PHP Techniques 19 Inter
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432 Chapter 19 Interacting with the
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452 Chapter 20 Using Network and Pr
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470 Chapter 21 Managing the Date an
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22 Generating Images ONE OF THE USE
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Understanding Image Formats 485 JPE
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Creating Images 487 Figure 22.1 The
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Creating Images 489 It takes as par
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Using Text and Fonts to Create Imag
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Drawing Figures and Graphing Data 4
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Further Reading 507 Listing 22.5.4
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23 Using Session Control in PHP IN
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Understanding Basic Session Functio
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Implementing Simple Sessions 513 Re
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Creating a Simple Session Example 5
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Implementing Authentication with Se
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24 Other Useful Features SOME USEFU
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Serializing Variables and Objects 5
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Temporarily Altering the Runtime En
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Using PHP on the Command Line 531 h
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V Building Practical PHP and MySQL
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536 Chapter 25 Using PHP and MySQL
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26 Debugging THIS CHAPTER DEALS WIT
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Programming Errors 553 run into thi
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Programming Errors 555 That same st
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Programming Errors 557 A SQL query
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Variable Debugging Aid 559 Logic er
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Variable Debugging Aid 561 This cod
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Altering the Error Reporting Settin
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Handling Errors Gracefully 565 You
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Next 567 Figure 26.1 You can give f
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570 Chapter 27 Building User Authen
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608 Chapter 28 Building a Shopping
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652 Chapter 29 Building a Web-Based
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688 Chapter 30 Building a Mailing L
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742 Chapter 31 Building Web Forums
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772 Chapter 32 Generating Personali
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33 Connecting to Web Services with
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Project Overview: Working with XML
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Project Overview: Working with XML
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Solution Components 813 If you woul
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Solution Overview 815 Caching As we
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Solution Overview 817 Although it d
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Solution Overview 819 Figure 33.5 B
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Solution Overview 821 Listing 33.3
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Solution Overview 823 Let’s work
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Solution Overview 825 if(!eregi('^[
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Solution Overview 839 data, but bec
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Solution Overview 845 Using SOAP to
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Solution Overview 847 } if($type ==
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Solution Overview 849 in memory. No
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Installing the Project Code 853 for
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34 Building Web 2.0 Applications wi
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What Is Ajax? 857 n Other common me
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What Is Ajax? 859 display the h1 te
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Fundamental Ajax 861 Note For secur
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Fundamental Ajax 863 function getSe
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Fundamental Ajax 865 The next step
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Fundamental Ajax 867 Listing 34.3 C
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Fundamental Ajax 869 Figure 34.2 Th
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Adding Ajax Elements to Earlier Pro
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For More Information 885 Some popul
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A Installing PHP and MySQL APACHE,
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Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL U
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B Web Resources THIS APPENDIX LISTS
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Apache Resources 909 The PHP Resour
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Index SYMBOLS ! (logical operator),
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array_count_values() function 913 c
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ottom.php files (Tahuayo applicatio
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collapsing threads (Web forum appli
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CVS (Concurrent Versions System) 91
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date and time 921 user table, 289 W
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downloading 923 directories browsin
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escaping characters 925 reading, 45
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files 927 FILE privilege, 226-227,
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functions 929 foreign keys database
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functions 931 escapeshellcmd(), 378
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functions 933 prototypes, 144 puten
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images 935 hardware failure (commer
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keys 937 INSERT statement, 244 inse
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MaxClients parameter (Apache) 939 l
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mysqli_query() function 941 multidi
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operators 943 O Object data type (v
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PHP 945 paths absolute, 62 file, 44
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php.ini file 947 gethostbyaddr(), 4
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purchase.php script (Shopping Cart
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eturning 951 Perl, 123 slash (\), 1
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security 953 buttons, calling, 493
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Shopping Cart application 955 Warm
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statements 957 special characters l
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tab control sequence (\t) 959 print
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time and date 961 limitations, 79 l
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usort() function 963 UPDATE privile
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Web databases 965 views, File Detai
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word processor formats 967 JPEG (Jo
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What’s on the CD? The book’s co
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