PHP and MySQL Web Development 4th Ed-tqw-_darksiderg

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Handling Errors Gracefully 565 You use trigger_error() as follows: trigger_error('This computer will self destruct in 15 seconds', E_USER_WARNING); Handling Errors Gracefully If you come from a C++ or Java background, you are probably comfortable using exceptions. Exceptions allow functions to signal that an error has occurred and leave dealing with the error to an exception handler. Exceptions are an excellent way to handle errors in large projects.They were adequately covered in Chapter 7,“Error and Exception Handling,” so they will not be revisited here. You have already seen how you can trigger your own errors.You can also provide your own error handlers to catch errors. The function set_error_handler() lets you provide a function to be called when user-level errors, warnings, and notices occur.You call set_error_handler() with the name of the function you want to use as your error handler. Your error handling function must take two parameters: an error type and an error message. Based on these two variables, your function can decide how to handle the error.The error type must be one of the defined error type constants.The error message is a descriptive string. A call to set_error_handler() looks like this: set_error_handler('my_error_handler'); Having told PHP to use a function called my_error_handler(), you must then provide a function with that name.This function must have the following prototype: My_error_handler(int error_type, string error_msg [, string errfile [, int errline [, array errcontext]]])) What it actually does, however, is up to you. The parameters passed to your handler function are n The error type n The error message n The file the error occurred in n The line the error occurred on n The symbol table—that is, a set of all the variables and their values at the time the error occurred Logical actions might include n Displaying the error message provided n Storing information in a log file n Emailing the error to an address n Terminating the script with a call to exit
566 Chapter 26 Debugging Listing 26.2 contains a script that declares an error handler, sets the error handler using set_error_handler(), and then generates some errors. Listing 26.2 handle.php—This Script Declares a Custom Error Handler and Generates Different Errors The output from this script is shown in Figure 26.1. This custom error handler does not do any more than the default behavior. Because you write this code, you can make it do anything.You have a choice about what to tell your visitors when something goes wrong and how to present that information so that it fits the rest of the site. More importantly, you have the flexibility to decide what happens. Should the script continue? Should a message be logged or displayed? Should tech support be alerted automatically?
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PHP and MySQL ® Web Development Fo
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PHP and MySQL ® Web Development, F
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Contents at a Glance Introduction 1
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Table of Contents Introduction 1 I
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xii Contents Writing to a File 67 P
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xiv Contents Comparing Strings 119
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xvi Contents Overriding 170 Prevent
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xviii Contents Looking at the Datab
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xx Contents Using Indexes 305 Using
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xxii Contents Firewalls 357 Data Ba
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xxiv Contents 18 Implementing Secur
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xxvi Contents 22 Generating Images
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xxviii Contents Using a Standard Di
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xxx Contents Implementing Payment 6
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xxxii Contents Using an Existing Sy
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xxxiv Contents Learning More about
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Acknowledgments We would like to th
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Introduction WELCOME TO PHP AND MYS
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Introduction 3 PHP is an Open Sourc
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Introduction 5 Using the Open Datab
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Introduction 7 installing it for ma
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Introduction 9 What Is New in MySQL
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I Using PHP 1 PHP Crash Course 2 St
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14 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n n n
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16 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Listi
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18 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Bob
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20 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Notic
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22 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Figur
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24 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n Lon
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28 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Under
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30 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course This
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32 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course n n n
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34 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course You s
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36 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course If th
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38 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Logic
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40 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Or, e
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44 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course We ge
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46 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Refre
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48 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course If yo
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54 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course Listi
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56 Chapter 1 PHP Crash Course A do.
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2 Storing and Retrieving Data NOW T
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Opening a File 61 The form field fo
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Opening a File 63 In a Unix environ
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Opening a File 65 Remember that the
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Writing to a File 67 Figure 2.3 Usi
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Closing a File 69 Listing 2.1 order
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Reading from a File 71 Listing 2.2
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Reading from a File 73 Knowing When
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Reading from a File 75 This line re
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Using Other Useful File Functions 7
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A Better Way: Database Management S
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3 Using Arrays THIS CHAPTER SHOWS Y
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Numerically Indexed Arrays 83 This
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Arrays with Different Indices 85 Th
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Array Operators 87 This line uses e
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Multidimensional Arrays 89 You can
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Multidimensional Arrays 91 Truck Pa
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Sorting Multidimensional Arrays 93
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Sorting Multidimensional Arrays 95
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Reordering Arrays 97 Listing 3.1 Co
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Loading Arrays from Files 99 Listin
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Loading Arrays from Files 101 part
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Performing Other Array Manipulation
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Performing Other Array Manipulation
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4 String Manipulation and Regular E
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Creating a Sample Application: Smar
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Formatting Strings 111 Figure 4.2 U
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Formatting Strings 113 Table 4.1 Ty
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Formatting Strings 115 Figure 4.3 A
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Joining and Splitting Strings with
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Comparing Strings 119 The length pa
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Matching and Replacing Substrings w
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Introducing Regular Expressions 123
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Finding Substrings with Regular Exp
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Next 131 Note In general, the regul
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134 Chapter 5 Reusing Code and Writ
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160 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP U
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162 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP I
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164 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP S
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166 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP H
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168 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP f
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170 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP c
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172 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP I
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174 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP }
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176 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP T
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178 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP L
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180 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP L
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182 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP o
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184 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP U
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186 Chapter 6 Object-Oriented PHP F
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7 Error and Exception Handling IN T
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The Exception Class 195 In Listing
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User-Defined Exceptions 197 Listing
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Exceptions in Bob’s Auto Parts 19
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Exceptions in Bob’s Auto Parts 20
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Next 203 pression operator. If it f
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8 Designing Your Web Database NOW T
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Relational Database Concepts 209 Co
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Designing Your Web Database 211 Rel
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Designing Your Web Database 213 Ord
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Designing Your Web Database 215 Thi
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Web Database Architecture 217 Brows
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9 Creating Your Web Database IN THI
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Logging In to MySQL 221 we have use
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Introducing MySQL’s Privilege Sys
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Creating Database Tables 229 Go ahe
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Creating Database Tables 231 Listin
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Creating Database Tables 233 The bo
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Understanding MySQL Identifiers 235
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Choosing Column Data Types 237 For
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Choosing Column Data Types 239 Tabl
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Next 241 Table 9.10 TEXT and BLOB T
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244 Chapter 10 Working with Your My
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11 Accessing Your MySQL Database fr
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How Web Database Architectures Work
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Querying a Database from the Web 27
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Putting New Information in the Data
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Putting New Information in the Data
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Using Prepared Statements 281 Let
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Using Other PHP-Database Interfaces
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Next 285 The advantages of using MD
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288 Chapter 12 Advanced MySQL Admin
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13 Advanced MySQL Programming IN TH
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Transactions 313 applications such
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Foreign Keys 315 You should see the
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Stored Procedures 317 changes the e
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Stored Procedures 319 or drop funct
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Stored Procedures 321 action specif
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Next 323 +------+ | @l | +------+ |
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14 Running an E-commerce Site THIS
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Considering the Types of Commercial
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Understanding Risks and Threats 337
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Next 339 Evolving Governmental Poli
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342 Chapter 15 E-commerce Security
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16 Web Application Security IN THIS
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Identifying the Threats We Face 363
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Understanding Who We’re Dealing W
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Securing Your Code 367 the security
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Securing Your Code 369 However, the
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Securing Your Code 371 if (!checkda
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Securing Your Code 373 Consider the
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Securing Your Code 375 Although thi
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Securing Your Code 377 n n Have you
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Securing Your Web Server and PHP 37
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Securing Your Web Server and PHP 38
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Database Server Security 383 n Look
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Protecting the Network 385 Internet
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Computer and Operating System Secur
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Disaster Planning 389 hosted burned
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17 Implementing Authentication with
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Implementing Access Control 393 Fig
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Implementing Access Control 395 Lis
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Implementing Access Control 397 Lis
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Using Basic Authentication 399 Look
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Using Basic Authentication in PHP 4
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Using Basic Authentication with Apa
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Using Basic Authentication with Apa
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Using mod_auth_mysql Authentication
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18 Implementing Secure Transactions
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Providing Secure Transactions 411 N
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Using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 41
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Using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 41
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Providing Secure Storage 417 Screen
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Using Encryption in PHP 419 Storing
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Using Encryption in PHP 421 If you
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Using Encryption in PHP 423 and cre
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Using Encryption in PHP 425 Listing
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Further Reading 427 The script you
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IV Advanced PHP Techniques 19 Inter
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432 Chapter 19 Interacting with the
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452 Chapter 20 Using Network and Pr
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470 Chapter 21 Managing the Date an
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22 Generating Images ONE OF THE USE
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Understanding Image Formats 485 JPE
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Creating Images 487 Figure 22.1 The
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Creating Images 489 It takes as par
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Using Text and Fonts to Create Imag
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Drawing Figures and Graphing Data 4
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Further Reading 507 Listing 22.5.4
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23 Using Session Control in PHP IN
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Understanding Basic Session Functio
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Implementing Simple Sessions 513 Re
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Page 566 and 567: Temporarily Altering the Runtime En
Page 568 and 569: Using PHP on the Command Line 531 h
Page 570: V Building Practical PHP and MySQL
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616 Chapter 28 Building a Shopping
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652 Chapter 29 Building a Web-Based
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688 Chapter 30 Building a Mailing L
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742 Chapter 31 Building Web Forums
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772 Chapter 32 Generating Personali
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33 Connecting to Web Services with
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Project Overview: Working with XML
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Project Overview: Working with XML
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Solution Components 813 If you woul
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Solution Overview 815 Caching As we
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Solution Overview 817 Although it d
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Solution Overview 819 Figure 33.5 B
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Solution Overview 821 Listing 33.3
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Solution Overview 823 Let’s work
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Solution Overview 825 if(!eregi('^[
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Solution Overview 839 data, but bec
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Solution Overview 845 Using SOAP to
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Solution Overview 847 } if($type ==
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Solution Overview 849 in memory. No
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Installing the Project Code 853 for
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34 Building Web 2.0 Applications wi
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What Is Ajax? 857 n Other common me
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What Is Ajax? 859 display the h1 te
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Fundamental Ajax 861 Note For secur
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Fundamental Ajax 863 function getSe
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Fundamental Ajax 865 The next step
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Fundamental Ajax 867 Listing 34.3 C
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Fundamental Ajax 869 Figure 34.2 Th
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Adding Ajax Elements to Earlier Pro
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For More Information 885 Some popul
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A Installing PHP and MySQL APACHE,
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Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL U
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B Web Resources THIS APPENDIX LISTS
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Apache Resources 909 The PHP Resour
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Index SYMBOLS ! (logical operator),
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array_count_values() function 913 c
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ottom.php files (Tahuayo applicatio
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collapsing threads (Web forum appli
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CVS (Concurrent Versions System) 91
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date and time 921 user table, 289 W
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downloading 923 directories browsin
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escaping characters 925 reading, 45
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files 927 FILE privilege, 226-227,
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functions 929 foreign keys database
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functions 931 escapeshellcmd(), 378
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functions 933 prototypes, 144 puten
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images 935 hardware failure (commer
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keys 937 INSERT statement, 244 inse
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MaxClients parameter (Apache) 939 l
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mysqli_query() function 941 multidi
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operators 943 O Object data type (v
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PHP 945 paths absolute, 62 file, 44
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php.ini file 947 gethostbyaddr(), 4
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purchase.php script (Shopping Cart
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eturning 951 Perl, 123 slash (\), 1
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security 953 buttons, calling, 493
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Shopping Cart application 955 Warm
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statements 957 special characters l
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tab control sequence (\t) 959 print
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time and date 961 limitations, 79 l
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usort() function 963 UPDATE privile
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Web databases 965 views, File Detai
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word processor formats 967 JPEG (Jo
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What’s on the CD? The book’s co
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