Arab Human Development Report 2016

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Index of Global Tolerance: A Quantitative Analysis Based on the ‘World Values Survey’ Data. Monthly Report No. 1/2009. Vienna, Austria: Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies. Higher Planning Commission (Morocco). 2004. General Census of Population and Housing. Kingdom of Morocco. http://www.hcp.ma . 2013. National Unemployment Rate According to Degree Received. Department of Statistics. Kingdom of Morocco http://www.hcp. ma/Taux-de-chomage-national-selon-lediplome_a267.html. . 2014. National Employment Survey. Kingdom of Morocco. http://www.hcp.ma/Chomage_r70.html. Hirschman, A. 1970. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Hoekman, B., and C. Özden. 2010. “The Euro–Mediterranean Partnership: Trade in Services as an Alternative to Migration?” Journal of Common Market Studies 48(4): 835–857. Housing and Land Rights Network and Habitat International Coalition. 2007. “The Right to Adequate Housing in the Case of Al-Akhdam (Yemen).” Landpedia. August. http://www.landpedia.org/landdoc/Analytical_materials/Akhdam_factsheet.pdf. HREA (Human Rights Education and Training). 2004. “The Moroccan family code (Moudawana) of February 5, 2004.” http://www.hrea.org/ programs/gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment/moudawana/ HRW (Human Rights Watch). 2008. “As if I am Not Human: Abuses against Asian Domestic Workers in Saudi Arabia.” HRW. 8 July. http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/ reports/saudiarabia0708_1.pdf. . 2012. “Lebanon: Stop Abuse of Domestic Workers.” http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/03/23/lebanon-stop-abuse-domestic-workers. . 2013a. “Safe No More: Students and Schools under Attack in Syria.” http://www.protectingeducation.org/sites/default/files/documents/ safe_no_more.pdf. . 2013b. “The Domestic Workers Convention: Turning New Global Labor Standards into Change on the Ground.” http://www.hrw. org/sites/default/files/related_material/ The%20Domestic%20Workers%20Convention%20-%20Turning%20New%20 Global%20Labor%20Standards%20 into%20Change%20on%20the%20Ground. pdf. . 2014. “Iraq, Don’t Legalize Marriage for 9-Year- Olds.” 12 March. http://www.hrw.org/ news/2014/03/11/iraq-don-t-legalize-marriage-9-year-olds. Humphreys, M., and J. Weinstein. 2008. “Who Fights? The Determinants of Participation in Civil War.” American Journal of Political Science 522: 436-55. ICG (International Crisis Group). 2014. “Tunisia’s Borders (II): Terrorism and Regional Polarization.” Crisis Group Middle East and North Africa Briefing, No. 41. http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/ Files/Middle%20East%20North%20Africa/North%20Africa/Tunisia/b041-tunisia-s-borders-II-terrorism-and-regional-polarisation-english.pdf. IDMC (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre). 2014. “Global Overview 2014: People Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence.” http://www. internal-displacement.org/publications/2014/ global-overview-2014-people-internally-displaced-by-conflict-and-violence. 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ILO Regional Office for the Arab States, Beirut; UNDP Regional Bureau for Arab States, New York. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---arabstates/---ro-beirut/documents/ publication/wcms_208346.pdf. . 2012b. “The Youth Employment Crisis Time for Action.” International Labour Conference, 101st session, Report V. Geneva. http:// apyouthnet.ilo.org/thailand/youth-employment-reports-and-publications/ report-v-the-youth-employmentcrisis-time-for-action-march-2012/ at_download/file. . 2013. Assessment of the Impact of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and their Employment Profile. ILO Regional Office of Arab States, Beirut. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---arabstates/---ro-beirut/documents/ publication/wcms_240134.pdf. . 2014a. The Impact of the Syrian Refugee Crisis on the Labour Market in Jordan: a Preliminary Analysis. ILO Regional Office of Arab States, Beirut. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/ public/---arabstates/---ro-beirut/documents/ publication/wcms_242021.pdf. . 2014b. 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Work4Youth Publication Series No. 15. Geneva. http:// www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--- dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/ wcms_247560.pdf. . 2014h. Rapid Assessment (RA) on Child Labour Agricultural Sector in Jordan / Mafraq & Jordan Valley (Ghor): Jordanians and Syrian Working Children. International Labor Organization Jordan. http://www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/---arabstates/-- -ro-beirut/documents/genericdocument/ wcms_246206.pdf . 2015. Global Employment Trends for Youth 2015: Scaling up Investments in decent jobs for youth. International Labour Office. Geneva. http:// www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/ wcms_412015.pdf. IMF (International Monetary Fund). 2014a. “Toward New Horizons: Arab Economic Transformation amid Political Transitions. Middle East and Central Asia Department.” Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ dp/2014/1401mcd.pdf. . 2014b. “Thematic Session 4: Improving the Business Climate.” Background Note for the Jobs, Growth and Fairness Conference, May 11–12, 2013, Amman, Jordan. http://www. imf.org/external/np/seminars/eng/2014/act/ pdf/Session4-BusinessClimate.pdf. InfoDev (Information for Development Program)/ World Bank. 2013. Crowdfunding’s Potential for the Developing World. Washington, DC: World Bank, infoDev, Finance and Private Sector Development Department. http://www.infodev.org/infodev-files/wb_crowdfundingreport-v12.pdf. Inglehart, R., and C. Welzel. 2010. “Changing Mass Priorities: The Link between Modernization and Democracy.” Perspectives on Politics 8(2): 551–567. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Various years. Global Burden of Disease Dataset. http:// www.healthdata.org/gbd. Institute for Economics and Peace. 2013. 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Arab Human Development Report 2016
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Foreword by the Administrator, UNDP
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Foreword by the Regional Director,
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Finally, the third level relates to
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Report Team Youth Consultative Grou
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Acronyms and abbreviations IMR IoM
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Contents Chapter 1 Youth and human
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Contents • Non-communicable disea
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Contents 8.1 The United Nations Sec
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Chapter 1 Youth and human developme
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Figure 1.1 The changing share of yo
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The defining vision of the AHDR ser
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made more acute by the institutiona
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1.4.1 The failure of the Arab devel
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projects, unproductive public secto
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and kept women subordinated at home
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The uprisings of 2011 prompted the
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Box 1.5 Youth: The need to belong L
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Israel by their countries. Only 21
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Table 1.4 Military spending, select
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Endnotes 1 UNDP 2013c. 2 UNDP 2014a
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Chapter 2 Values, identities and ci
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gender equality and waning obedienc
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In most Arab countries, youth exper
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Figure 2.2 Self-Expression by age g
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Figure 2.3 Mobile cellular subscrip
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are scarce, whether a university ed
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Figure 2.7 Gender equality before a
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Arab region are more pious than oth
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Table 2.3 The relationship between
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Table 2.4 Indicators of formal barr
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Figure 2.11 Support for democracy b
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Even in 2013, opposition to the sep
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Figure 2.14 Social and religious to
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Endnotes 1 Inglehart and Welzel 201
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Chapter 3 Education and the transit
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Figure 3.1 Average years of schooli
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3.2 Inequality of opportunity in ed
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Box 3.1 Steffen Hertog Characterist
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Figure 3.2 Youth unemployment rate
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3.5 Policies that could help labour
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egulatory costs in starting and run
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48 IMF 2014b. 49 World Bank 2013a.
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4.1 The challenges facing young wom
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Box 4.1 Aseel Alawadhi: Cancellatio
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Box 4.2 Hibaaq Osman: Girls in conf
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Table 4.1 Population and reproducti
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Box 4.3 Islamic feminism across bor
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Box 4.4 An inclusive space: Egypt
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4.4 Removing the cultural and econo
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Endnotes 1 IRIN 2009. 2 Algeria, Ba
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Chapter 5 Health Status and Access
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on younger adolescents in the 13-15
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of fatalities (annex 2 figure A.9).
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While FGM is supported by religious
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from exposure to tobacco smoke, reg
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Figure 5.5 Healthy life expectancy,
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5.4 Health interventions to promote
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• Money: the services available t
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Endnotes 1 WHO defines health promo
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71 See http://www.search-institute.
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6.1 Youth in war-torn countries: gr
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continue long after peace treaties
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Box 6.3 The impact of war and viole
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Youth-specific health outcome indic
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injury, or a threat of injury, or a
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including war, on well-being is med
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the larger regional community of kn
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eproduce and deepen the negative ef
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Endnotes 1 Farmer 2004, p. 307. “
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90 Mehchy 2014, p. 17. 91 Al-Monito
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 7 Exclusion, mobility and m
Page 151 and 152: Figure 7.1 Arab migration by region
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Page 163 and 164: Remittances are mainly spent on con
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Page 174 and 175: Figure 8.3 Number of terrorist atta
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Page 178 and 179: Figure 8.7a My World: The prioritie
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Page 182 and 183: Disengagement & reintegration 17. E
Page 184 and 185: Box 8.2 Fahem mish hafez* Tahrir Ac
Page 186 and 187: likely to grow and generate jobs. T
Page 188 and 189: Investment in youth participation r
Page 190 and 191: Bibliography and references List of
Page 192 and 193: Bibliography and references Psychot
Page 194 and 195: Bibliography and references Prevent
Page 196 and 197: Bibliography and references . 2004.
Page 198 and 199: Bibliography and references Euromon
Page 202 and 203: Bibliography and references . 2014.
Page 204 and 205: Bibliography and references Lewis,
Page 206 and 207: Bibliography and references . 2013b
Page 208 and 209: Bibliography and references Pritche
Page 210 and 211: Bibliography and references http://
Page 214 and 215: Bibliography and references . 2013c
Page 216 and 217: Bibliography and references . 2011c
Page 218 and 219: Bibliography and references in Arab
Page 222 and 223: Statistical Appendix
Page 224 and 225: with their life as a whole, and a s
Page 226 and 227: Indicators Data Source Age-group Ar
Page 228 and 229: Annex 1 Human development indicator
Page 230 and 231: Acronyms and abbreviations HDI GNI
Page 232 and 233: Human Development Report 2014 - Sus
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Figure A.3 Global share of forcibly
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Figure A.7 School-to-work transitio
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Figure A.10 Prevalence of overweigh
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Figure A.13 Life expectancy at birt
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Figure A.15 Altruism towards strang
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Table A.1 Bilateral remittance esti
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Table A.5 Reasons for stopping educ
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Table A.9 Political representation
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Table A.12 Women with unmet contrac
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Table A.16 Migration to and from Ar
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Table A.18 Inward migration to Arab
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272 Notes
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274
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