Database on medicinal plants used in ayurveda - AYUSH Research ...

yellowish content with the adjacent parenchymatous cells mostly arranged in
a radiating manner, almost all cells of the ground tissue densely packed with
starch grains which are simple, comparatively big flattened, rectangular or
ovid, possessing a slight projection at one end and having numerous
transverse indistinct striations, hilum at the narrow end but not distinct,
grains measuring 20-70 x 7-9� in size. Many vascular bundles scattered in
the ground tissue of which a large number occur within the endodermis,
arranged in a ring just inner to the endodermis. Endodermis is usual with
their radial walls slightly thickened. The cortical and steler vascular bundles
collateral with 2-10 vessels, each bundle having a sheath of small sized
parenchymatous cells completely encircling it. 1-3 slightly thick walled cells
associated with the bundle sheath cells in some of vascular bundles (Ayer and
Kolammal, 1964; Kurup, 1977, 1979; Chopra et al., 1958).
Powder microscopy
Dried rhizome powder greyish or yellowish in colour, less aromatic with
pungent taste. It shows groups of parenchymatous cells filled with yellow
colouring matter, oily globules, numerous cells with oleoresin; cork cells
thin-walled; vessels bearing spiral, annular thickening; sclerenchymatous
fibres absent; abundant starch grains simple flattened, ovoid with faint
striations and indistinct hilum (Raghunathan and Mitra, 1982; Henry and
Collin, 1904).
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Chemical analysis on Curcuma zedoaria rhizome volatile oil, using gas
chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques, demonstrated the presence
of beta-tumerone (19.88%), 1, 8-cineole (8.93%), and 7-zingiberene
(7.84%) as major constituents (Champakaew et al., 2006).
Rhizomes: �-turmerone, ar-tumerone (Hong, et al., 2001; Hong et al.,
2002), curcumenol, S-guaiazulene (Hikino et al., 1968g), curdione (Hikino
et al., 1966a), zederone (Hikino et al 1966b), furanodiene (8, 12-oxidogermacra-1,
4, 7, 11-tetraene) (Hikino et al., 1968b), pyrocurzerenone
(Vishwanatha and Krishna Rao, 1974), pyrocurzerenone,
dihydropyrocurzerenone (Hikino et al., 1968c; Miyashita et al., 1984),
curcumenone, epicurzerenone (Hikino et al., 1968a), curzerene (Hikino et
al., 1968a), curcumariolide A and B, zedoarol, 13-hydroxygermacrone,
guaiane-zedoarondiol (Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 2001), pmethoxycinnamate,
ethyl-para-methoxycinnamate (Joshi et al., 1989),
germacrome (Rongbao et al., 1991), dehydrocurdione (Hikino et al., 1972),
isofuranodienone, epicurzerenone, furanodienone, pyrocurzerenone,
furanogermanone (Hikino et al., 1975), curcolone (Hikino et al., 1968e),
187