Database on medicinal plants used in ayurveda - AYUSH Research ...

traces appear as paler strands. Endodermis single layered. Pericycle
parenchymatous and within it 12-18 collateral bundles, separated by dark
medullary rays present. Pith large, parenchymatous, lacunar containing starch
grains; starch occurs as single or occasional compound grains of 2components,
individual grains being 7-30�, mostly 10-25� dia, calcium
oxalate crystals absent. Transverse section of stolon shows cork consisting of
2-5 layers; cortex upto 25 layers, parenchymatous followed by 20 collateral
vascular bundles, which in young separated by cellulosic parenchymatous
medullary rays and in older stolons become lignified. Pith wide and lacunar
devoid of root traces. Transverse section of root show small, central
parenchymatous pith surrounded by tetrarch to polyarch xylem and a wide
parenchymatous bark (Anonymous, 2001; Mukerji, 1953; Datta and Mukerji,
1950; Wallis, 1967, 1985).
Powder microscopy
Brown in colour; odour aromatic; taste comphoraceous and slightly bitter;
presence of simple starch grains, root hairs slightly lignified, cells of the
cortical parenchyma much elongated or rounded, yellowish containing starch
grains, starch granules rounded, mostly simple, compound one with 2-4
component, hilum indistinct or as a cleft; vessels with bordered pits,
scalariform and spiral thickening; cork cells lignified, large and polygonal
(Iyengar, 2001; Datta and Mukerji, 1950).
Physical constants
Foreign organic matter – Not more than 2%; Total ash – Not more than 12%;
Acid insoluble Ash – Not more than 10%; Alcohol (60%) soluble extractive –
Not more than 30%; Water soluble extractive – Not less than 19%
(Anonymous, 2001; Mukerji, 1953).
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Root: Actinidine, carotene, calarenol, elemol, jatamols A and B, jatamansic
acid, jatamansone, nardol, nardostachonol, norseychelanone, seychellane,
seychellene, spirojatomol, valeranal, virolin, angelicin, jatamansin,
jatamansinol, oroselol (www.naturalcosmeticsupplies.com), IVHD-valtrate,
valerosidate valeriotetrate A (Yu et al., 2006), 1-homoacevaltrate, 1homoisoacevaltrate,
11-homohydroxyldihydrovaltrate, 10-acetoxy-1homovaltrate
hydrin, 10-acetoxy-1-acevaltrate hydrin, along with 10 known
analogues (Tang et al., 2002), 11-methoxyviburtinal, baldrinal, prinsepiol-4omicron-�-D-glucoside,
coniferin, hexacosanic acid (Chen et al., 2005), two
new flavone glycosides, acacetin 7-O-�-sophoroside, acacetin 7-O-(6"-O-�-
L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-sophoroside (Tang et al., 2003), jatamols (Buchi et
449