Database on medicinal plants used in ayurveda - AYUSH Research ...

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Varma S; Sharma RK; Shrivastava DK (2000-2001), Seed germination, viability and in vitro propagation studies in medicinal plants of commercial value., J Med Arom Plant Sci. 22(4A). 23(1A) : 426-428. 418
SHVETAJEERAKA BOTANICAL NAME : Cuminum cyminum Linn. FAMILY : Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) CLASSICAL NAMES Ajaji, Jeeraka, Prthyika (C.S.; S.S.; A.H.). SYNONYMS Ajajika, Dipya, Dipyaka, Dirghajiraka, Dirghaka, Dirghakana, Gaurajaji, Gaurajiraka, Hrasvanga, Hridya, Jarana, Jira, Jirana, Kana, Kanajira, Kanavha, Kunchika, Magadha, Manjna, Mitadipya, Mitajaji, Pitava, Pujyamanaka, Ruchya, Shuklajaji, Vahmisakha, Varuna (Sharma, 1978; D.N., 1982; B.N., 1982; R.N., 1982). VERNACULAR NAMES Eng.- Cumin seed, Cumin. Hindi- Zira, Safed jira, Jeera. Beng.- Jira, Sadajira. Guj.- Jirautmi, Jiru, Jiraugi, Jeeru, Jirun. Kan.- Jirage, Bilejirege, Jirige, Jiringe. Mal.- Jeerakam, Jorekam. Mar.- Pandhere jire, Jiregire, Jire. Punj.- Safed jira, Chitta jira. Tam.- Sheeragam, Chirakam, Jeerakam, Seerugam, Jeeragam. Tel.- Jilakarra, Tella Jilakarra, Jilakaru, Jiraka. Arab.- Kamuna, Ravamuna. Assam- Jira. Kash.- Safed zoor. Oriya- Dhalajeera, Dalajira, Jira. Pers.- Zira. Urdu- Zirah, Zirasafed (Kirtikar and Basu, 1989; Nadkarni, 1976; Chopra et al., 2002; Sharma, 1978; Anonymous, 2001a; Anonymous, 2000a; Anonymous, 1950; Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 1995; Guha Bakshi et al., 1999; B.N., 1982; Watt, 1972; Vaidya, 1968). BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION Small slender annual herb upto 35 cm high with much branched angular or striated, glabrous, weak stem. Leaves 5-10 cm long, alternate, 2-3 partite, ultimate segments filiform, bluish-green, sheathing at base. Flowers small, white or pink-rose, in peduncled, 2-6 rayed, upto 8-flowered compound umbels. Fruit 5-7 mm long, cylindric, greyish, brownish, tapering towards both ends and compressed laterally with ridges covered by papillose hairs. Flowering and Fruiting : February-March (Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 1995; Mukerji, 1953; Anonymous, 1950; Kirtikar and Basu, 1989; Anonymous, 1995; Hooker, 1973; Anonymous, 2001a; Kurup et al., 1979). 419
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DATABASE ON MEDICINAL PLANTS USED I
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FOREWARD Ayurveda, the ancient Indi
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I appreciate Sh. K. Chandra, Assist
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Kola Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. 219
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Shala Shorea robusta Roxb. ex Gaert
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Swarnapatri Cassia senna Linn. 374
Page 14 and 15:
Tumbini Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.)
Page 16 and 17:
Methi Trigonella foenum-graecum Lin
Page 18 and 19:
Nirgundi Vitex negundo Linn. 450 Pi
Page 20 and 21:
Lajjalu Mimosa pudica Linn. 369 Mad
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Nimba Azadirachta indica A. Juss. 2
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ABBREVIATIONS LANGUAGES BOOKS Arab.
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AHIPHENA Papaver somniferum Linn. 2
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diabetes. An infusion of the capsul
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Powder microscopy Powdered opium mi
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TOXICOLOGY Morphine causes side eff
Page 34 and 35:
Hyoscyamus niger Linn., seeds of St
Page 36 and 37:
Anonymous (2000), The Ayurvedic For
Page 38 and 39:
Kirtikar KR; Basu BD (1933), Indian
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Toske SG; Cooper SD; Morello DR; Ha
Page 42 and 43:
Anonymous (1919), Egyptian opiums.,
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Bajpai S; Gupta AP; Gupta MM; Sharm
Page 46 and 47:
Brekke OL; Mustakan GC; Hubbard JE;
Page 48 and 49:
Engeike BF; Vincent PG (1979), Thin
Page 50 and 51:
Helson Lawrence; Helson Christiane;
Page 52 and 53:
Kapoor LD (1973), Constitution of a
Page 54 and 55:
Lee CK; Kim HK (1970), Investigatio
Page 56 and 57:
Nesslex CL; Vonder Haar RA (1990),
Page 58 and 59:
Prajapati S; Sushil Kumar (2000-200
Page 60 and 61:
Sen AN (1995), Effect of nitrogen f
Page 62 and 63:
Singh HP; Singh SP; Singh SP; Singh
Page 64 and 65:
Stork G (1960), Papaveraceae alkalo
Page 66 and 67:
BALA BOTANICAL NAME : Sida cordifol
Page 68 and 69:
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION An annual or
Page 70 and 71:
PHARMACOGNOSY Macroscopic Root- Occ
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Macroscopic Leaf - They are 2-3 cm
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emarkably and 6 (7.5%), showed mode
Page 76 and 77:
Anonymous (2000b), Flora of Maharas
Page 78 and 79:
Kurup PNV; Ramadas VNK; Joshi P (19
Page 80 and 81:
Chauhan SK; Agrawal S (1999), Accel
Page 82 and 83:
Sankar MA; Nair GS; Augustin A; Sny
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BRIHATI Solanum anguivi Lam. 60
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AYURVEDIC PROPERTIES Rasa - Katu, T
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Total ash - Not more than 6.5%; Aci
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Avaleha and Paka - Agastya Haritaki
Page 92 and 93:
Cooke T (1967), The Flora of The Pr
Page 94 and 95:
Ahuja BS (1965), Medicinal Plants o
Page 96 and 97:
Nair NC (1978), Flora of The Punjab
Page 98 and 99:
DRONAPUSHPI BOTANICAL NAME: Leucas
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Flowering and Fruiting : November -
Page 102 and 103:
Microscopic Transverse section show
Page 104 and 105:
SUBSTITUTES AND ADULTERANTS Leucas
Page 106 and 107:
Singh N; Nath R; Singh DR; Gupta ML
Page 108 and 109:
Pant SC; Pandey G (1995), Leucas ce
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GORAKSHGANJA Aerva lanata Juss. ex
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Gunam (Pharmacological action) - Si
Page 114 and 115:
(Prasad et al., 1986; Vetrichelvan
Page 116 and 117:
Nevin KG; Vijayammal PL (2003), Eff
Page 118 and 119:
Dey D; Das MN; Sharma AK (1999), Ph
Page 120 and 121:
HAMSAPADI BOTANICAL NAME: Adiantum
Page 122 and 123:
DISTRIBUTION Throughout greater par
Page 124 and 125:
Powder microscopy Whole plant powde
Page 126 and 127:
Chatterjee A; Pakrashi SC (1994), T
Page 128 and 129:
Godbole SR; Pendse GS; Bedekar VA (
Page 130 and 131:
HAPUSHA Juniperus communis Linn. 10
Page 132 and 133:
Karma - Sangrahi (C.S.Ci.19.26), Vr
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Seeds and fruits: Formic acid, acet
Page 136 and 137:
Other classical formulation: Hapush
Page 138 and 139:
Cavaleiro C; Pinto E; Goncalves MJ;
Page 140 and 141:
Rao VR; Gupta I (1977), A note on t
Page 142 and 143:
Bhati A (1953), Esential oil from b
Page 144 and 145:
Guerra HE; Lopez; Martinez MC; Garc
Page 146 and 147:
Mitra R (1985), Bibliography on Pha
Page 148 and 149:
Uniyal MR (1981), A preliminary stu
Page 150 and 151:
HINGU Ferula assa- foetida Linn. 12
Page 152 and 153:
Doshagnata - Kaphavatashamaka (S.S.
Page 154 and 155:
Essential oil: �-Pinene, phelland
Page 156 and 157:
TRADE AND COMMERCE Different grades
Page 158 and 159:
Brodnitz MH; Pascale JV (1971), Fla
Page 160 and 161:
Ramadan NI; Addel-Aaty HF; Abdul Ha
Page 162 and 163:
George DP (2000), Encyclopedia of M
Page 164 and 165:
Trivedi S; Nagar R; Nagar PN (1990)
Page 166 and 167:
JAYAPALA Croton tiglium Linn. 142
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Doses : Seed powder 6-12 mg; Seed o
Page 170 and 171:
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES Plant wa
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SUBSTITUTES AND ADULTERANTS Seeds o
Page 174 and 175:
ester-induced apoptosis in LNCaP pr
Page 176 and 177:
Van Duuren BL (1969), Tumor-promoti
Page 178 and 179:
Rao Sahib M Rama Rao (1914), Flower
Page 180 and 181:
KANCHANARA BOTANICAL NAME: Bauhinia
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dare, Kouar. Urdu- Kachal. Konkani-
Page 184 and 185:
PHARMACOGNOSY Macroscopic Stem bark
Page 186 and 187:
eported with physical and biochemic
Page 188 and 189:
Charaka Samhita, English Translatio
Page 190 and 191:
Wassel et al. (1989), Chemical cons
Page 192 and 193:
Jain SK; DeFilipps RA (1991), Medic
Page 194 and 195:
KANKOLA BOTANICAL NAME: Piper cubeb
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drying. Flowering and Fruiting: Sep
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elongated cells, tegmen cells hyali
Page 200 and 201:
The essential oil from fruits has a
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Prabhu BR; Mulchandani NB (1985), L
Page 206 and 207:
Ozcelikay G; Asil E; Sar S; Suveren
Page 208 and 209:
KARCHURA Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.
Page 210 and 211:
Rogaghnata - Kaphavata vikara, Sand
Page 212 and 213:
procurcumenol (Hikino et al., 1968f
Page 214 and 215:
FORMULATIONS AND PREPARATIONS Avale
Page 216 and 217:
Hewage CM; Bandara KANP; Karunavath
Page 218 and 219:
Raja Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, H
Page 220 and 221:
Hikino H; Kanno C; Takemoti T (1971
Page 222 and 223:
Sakui N; Kuroyanagi M; Ishitobi Y;
Page 224 and 225:
KASHA Saccharum spontaneum Linn. 20
Page 226 and 227:
Kshaya, Paittika Ajeerna, Raktatisa
Page 228 and 229:
Anonymous (1996), Flora of Maharash
Page 230 and 231:
Nair NC (1978), Flora of The Punjab
Page 232 and 233:
KATPHALA Myrica esculenta Buch, Ham
Page 234 and 235:
Shukrashodhana (C.S.Su.4.20), Kandu
Page 236 and 237:
0.57, 0.75 (all grey.) and 0.88 (ye
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Sharma PV (1978), Dravyaguna Vigyan
Page 242 and 243:
Singh VK; Ali ZA (1998), Herbal Dru
Page 244 and 245:
KOLA Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. 220
Page 246 and 247:
Karma - Fruit - Vatasamshamaka (S.S
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scattered throughout rhytidoma; sec
Page 250 and 251:
sapogenins as hecogenin acid, cocog
Page 252 and 253:
2003; Wang, 1996; Xu et al., 2003,
Page 254 and 255:
Gu XF; Yang AF; Meng H; Jhang JR (2
Page 256 and 257:
Sushruta Samhita, English Translati
Page 258 and 259:
Anonymous (1997), Indian Medicinal
Page 260 and 261:
Husain A; Virmani OP; Popli SP; Mis
Page 262 and 263:
Rao Sahib M; Rama Rao (1914), Flowe
Page 264 and 265:
Yoshikawa K; Izumi M; Arihara S (19
Page 266 and 267:
MASHA Vigna mungo (Linn.) Hepper 24
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C.S.Ci.7.7), Apasmara (C.S.Ci.10.47
Page 270 and 271:
FORMULATIONS AND PREPARATIONS Avale
Page 272 and 273:
Boby RG; Leelamma S (2003), Blackgr
Page 274 and 275:
Sushruta Samhita, English Translati
Page 276 and 277:
Chopra RN; Chopra IC; Varma BS (199
Page 278 and 279:
Ignacimuthu S; Frantlin G (2001), R
Page 280 and 281:
Madhappan K (1993), Impact of tanne
Page 282 and 283:
Rastogi RP; Mehrotra BN (1993), Com
Page 284 and 285:
Yamauchi D; Akasofu H; Minamikawa T
Page 286 and 287:
MASHAPARNI Teramnus labialis Spreng
Page 288 and 289:
Rogaghnata - Pakshaghat, Sandhivata
Page 290 and 291:
Macroscopic Fruit - Pod upto 5cm lo
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Duthie JF (1960), Flora of the Uppe
Page 296 and 297:
MURVA BOTANICAL NAME: Marsdenia ten
Page 298 and 299:
Rajmahal hills, Timor, Eastern and
Page 300 and 301:
Physical constants Total ash - Not
Page 302 and 303:
macrophylla G.�Don are used as mu
Page 304 and 305:
Qiu SX; Luo SQ; Lin LZ; Cordell GA
Page 306 and 307:
Kanjilal UN; Dasa Kanjilal PC; De R
Page 308 and 309:
PADMAKA Prunus cerasoides D.Don 284
Page 310 and 311:
C.S.Ci.3.258 ; 15.138), Prameha (Pi
Page 312 and 313:
Seed: Naringenin-5-O-�-L-rhamnopy
Page 314 and 315:
Bahuguna RP; Jangwan JS (1987), Ana
Page 316 and 317:
Anonymous (2003), The Wealth of Ind
Page 318 and 319:
PUSHKAR BOTANICAL NAME: Inula racem
Page 320 and 321:
DISTRIBUTION Found in temperate and
Page 322 and 323:
al., 1972), dihydroisoalantolactone
Page 324 and 325:
severe grades and anginal frequency
Page 326 and 327:
28, 40, 43, 46, 53; 5.6; 6.28, 31-3
Page 328 and 329:
Ravindranath KR; Raghavan R; Paknik
Page 330 and 331:
Chopra RN; Chopra IC; Handa KL; Kap
Page 332 and 333:
Singh RS (1969), Vanaushadhi Nirdes
Page 334 and 335:
SARSHAPA Brassica campestris Linn.
Page 336 and 337:
Internal - Vatahara, Pittakara, Dee
Page 338 and 339:
methylcholesta-5-trans-22-diene-3
Page 340 and 341:
Microspore culture for high-frequen
Page 342 and 343:
Baillie AMR; EPP DJ; Hutcheson D; K
Page 344 and 345:
Qiong Hu; Andersen SB; Hansen LN (1
Page 346 and 347:
John TO; Kirk Coling; Macdonal G (1
Page 348 and 349:
Singh Balwant Thakur and Chunekar K
Page 350 and 351:
SHALI Oryza sativa Linn. 326
Page 352 and 353:
Baddhapavarchasa, Chakshushya, Hrid
Page 354 and 355:
Root- Foreign matter - Not more tha
Page 356 and 357:
inhibitor (Cicero and Guddi, 2001)
Page 358 and 359:
caused by Helminthosporium, Blast d
Page 360 and 361:
colchicine treatment. Salt tolerant
Page 362 and 363:
An YR; Li XG; Su HY; Zhang XS (2004
Page 364 and 365:
Chopra RN; Nayar SL; Chopra IC (198
Page 366 and 367:
Lee SH; Shon YG; Kim CY; Chun HJ; C
Page 368 and 369:
Yamada Y; Loh WH (1984), In: Ammira
Page 370 and 371:
Chauhan JS; Nanda JS (1987), Variat
Page 372 and 373:
Heuer SM; Miezan K; Gaye G (2003),
Page 374 and 375:
McMillan HF (1993), Handbook of Tro
Page 376 and 377:
Sarla N; Mallikarjuna Swamy BP (200
Page 378 and 379:
White NDG; Jayas DS (1996), Deterio
Page 380 and 381:
SHATAHVA Anethum sowa Roxb. ex Flem
Page 382 and 383:
Karma External - Vedanasthapana, Sh
Page 384 and 385:
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS Seed: Contain
Page 386 and 387:
acids, threonine, alanine, tyrosine
Page 388 and 389:
e carried out when fruits turn yell
Page 390 and 391:
Jiroretz L; Buchbauer G; Stoyanova
Page 392 and 393: Yazdanparast R; Alavi M (2001), Ant
Page 394 and 395: Diwakar PG; Sharma BD (2000), Flora
Page 396 and 397: Kurup PNV (1977), Hand Book of Medi
Page 398 and 399: Rastogi RP; Mehrotra BN (2001), Com
Page 400 and 401: Vaidya B (1982), Some Controversial
Page 402 and 403: SITAPHALA Annona squamosa Linn. 378
Page 404 and 405: Rogaghnata - Daha, Raktapitta, Visp
Page 406 and 407: Stomata are anomocytic and present
Page 408 and 409: Stem: Annosquammosin A (16 �-hydr
Page 410 and 411: Callus cultures of A. squamosa were
Page 412 and 413: Chopra RN; Nayar SL; Chopra IC (200
Page 414 and 415: Nair S; Shirgurkar MV; Mascarenhas
Page 416 and 417: Araya H; Hara N; Fujimolo Y; Srivas
Page 418 and 419: Hopp DC; Alali FQ; Gu ZM; McLaughli
Page 420 and 421: Qureshi SA; Kapadia Z; Zahoor S (19
Page 422 and 423: Yang TH; Chi-Ming C (1972), Structu
Page 424 and 425: SURANA Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
Page 426 and 427: Doshaghnata -Kapha Vata shamaka (Sh
Page 428 and 429: Methanolic extract 250 mg/kg bw bw
Page 430 and 431: Raja Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, H
Page 432 and 433: Sumathi S; Pattabiraman TN (1975),
Page 434 and 435: SWETA MUSLI Chlorophytum tuberosum
Page 436 and 437: PHARMACOGNOSY Macroscopic Tuberous
Page 438 and 439: May. Land supplemented with 10-15 t
Page 440 and 441: Shibnath Ghosal (2006), Composition
Page 444 and 445: SHVETAJEERAKA Cuminum cyminum Linn.
Page 446 and 447: Karma - Deepana, Grahi, Medhya, Gar
Page 448 and 449: Seed oil: Cuminaldehyde, � thujen
Page 450 and 451: Triphala, Vasa (Adhatoda vasica), J
Page 452 and 453: internodal segments. Best response
Page 454 and 455: Dhandapani S; Subramanian VR; Rajag
Page 456 and 457: Takayanagi T; Ishikawa T; Kitajima
Page 458 and 459: Bailey LH (1949), Manual of Cultiva
Page 460 and 461: De M; De AK; Banerjee AB (1999), Sc
Page 462 and 463: Husain A; Virmani OP; Popli SP; Mis
Page 464 and 465: Mandavia MK; Khan NA; Gajra HP; And
Page 466 and 467: Rastogi RP; Mehrotra BN (2001), Com
Page 468 and 469: Thyagaraja N; Hosono A (1996), Effe
Page 470 and 471: TAGARA Valeriana jatamansi Jones. 4
Page 472 and 473: S.S.Ka.8.47), Jwaraghna (C.S.Ci.6.2
Page 474 and 475: al., 1962), 1-homoacevaltrate, 1-ho
Page 476 and 477: FORMULATIONS AND PREPARATIONS Asava
Page 478 and 479: Anonymous (2005), Edited by Khanuja
Page 480 and 481: Kirtikar KR; Basu BD (1989), Indian
Page 482 and 483: Wallis TE (1985), Textbook of Pharm
Page 484 and 485: Hoelzi J; Jurcic K (1975), Valepotr
Page 486 and 487: Singh S (1995), Seasonal variations
Page 488 and 489: VANSHA BOTANICAL NAME : Bambusa aru
Page 490 and 491: Burm.- Kyakatwa. Oriya- Beudobaunso
Page 492 and 493:
Jeernajwara, Kshayajajwara, Samanya
Page 494 and 495:
precocious flowering during the 6-7
Page 496 and 497:
Leslic (1978), Contribution to the
Page 498 and 499:
Singh VK; Ali ZA (1998), Herbal Dru
Page 500 and 501:
VATSANABHA Aconitum chasmanthum Sta
Page 502 and 503:
Veerya - Ushna. Doshaghnata - Trido
Page 504 and 505:
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES Plant wa
Page 506 and 507:
PROPAGATION AND CULTIVATION Plants
Page 508 and 509:
Lin CC; Chan TY; Deng JF (2004), Cl
Page 510 and 511:
Jasek JA; Klgsek A; Simgnek V; Sant
Page 512 and 513:
Venu 455 Vigandhika 104 Visha 466 4
Page 514 and 515:
Dhanurdruma 455 Dhanya 320 Dharttar
Page 516 and 517:
Kuha 216 Kuli 59 Kuli 153 Kumbhara
Page 518 and 519:
Shubha 455 Shudrabhantaki 59 Shukla
Page 520 and 521:
Aangajaha (Pers) 124 Aangoj (Pers)
Page 522 and 523:
Bariyaar (Hindi) 43 Bariyara (Hindi
Page 524 and 525:
Corava (Guj) 320 Country Mallow (En
Page 526 and 527:
Hulksha (Beng) 73 Huringmindila ta
Page 528 and 529:
Kandal (Tam) 59 Kandan (Hindi) 153
Page 530 and 531:
Kosonaru (Oriya) 153 Koto (Assam) 4
Page 532 and 533:
Nellu (Kan) 320 Nellu (Mal) 320 Nel
Page 534 and 535:
Rasnabheda (Kan) 290 Ravamuna (Arab
Page 536 and 537:
Sowa (NWP) 349 Soya (Hindi) 349 Soy
Page 538 and 539:
Vatsanabhi (Kan) 466 Vatsanabhi (Ma
Page 540 and 541:
Aadan paki 85 Agrimakhya 377 Agudha
Page 542 and 543:
Kasa 199 Kasekshu 199 Kashmir 294 K
Page 544 and 545:
Shubha 464 Shudrabhantaki 59 Shukla
Page 546 and 547:
Aangajaha (Pers) 125 Aangoj (Pers)
Page 548 and 549:
Bhor (Mar) 219 Bhui (Rajputana) 85
Page 550 and 551:
Ghans (Punj) 199 Gharsa (Pers) 294
Page 552 and 553:
Kaiphal (Urdu) 207 Kaiphala (Mar) 2
Page 554 and 555:
Koregadi (Tel) 199 Kosa (Hindi) 199
Page 556 and 557:
Padam (Kumaon) 283 Padamak (Hindi)
Page 558 and 559:
Seetaphal (Beng) 377 Seetaphal (Guj
Page 560:
Ulipe (Kan) 156 Ulundu (Tam) 241 Ul
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