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AC Summer 08 WIN-T Online - United States Army Signal Center of ...

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Satellite communications for<br />

company level warfighter<br />

By Richard S.<br />

Wexler and<br />

Syed R. Ali<br />

One <strong>of</strong> the<br />

lessons learned<br />

from Iraq and<br />

Afghanistan<br />

was the need for<br />

a more robust<br />

beyond line-<strong>of</strong>sightcommunication<br />

capability<br />

between the<br />

lower <strong>Army</strong><br />

echelon land<br />

warriors, squad<br />

leaders, platoon<br />

leaders, companycommanders<br />

and the<br />

battalion<br />

commanders.<br />

These lower echelon units currently<br />

rely on radios that are propagation<br />

range constrained to the line-<strong>of</strong>-sight<br />

distance between the radios.<br />

The tactical communications<br />

radios that currently service the<br />

lower echelon <strong>Army</strong> units are<br />

dominated by two LOS Combat<br />

Network Radios that include the<br />

Enhanced Position Location Reporting<br />

System and the Single Channel<br />

Ground and Airborne Radio System.<br />

The Warfighter Information Network-Tactical<br />

Increment 2 program<br />

will develop the Soldier Network<br />

Extension On-the-Move Satellite<br />

Communications, which will augment<br />

and enhance the communications<br />

limitations <strong>of</strong> the current LOS<br />

CNRs.<br />

The BLOS communications<br />

capability <strong>of</strong> the SNE combined with<br />

its ability to communicate on-themove<br />

will help to close the communication<br />

gap existing between the<br />

various tactical legacy radio networks.<br />

This shortfall was identified<br />

by a <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> <strong>Army</strong> Training<br />

and Doctrine Command study, and<br />

Figure 1. Operational view with NCW SATCOM Net to extend BN/CO-level<br />

SINCGARS and EPLRS Combat Net Radio Traffic.<br />

the need for a low cost Single<br />

Integrated Transport System was<br />

suggested. The basic requirements<br />

for providing this lower echelon<br />

communications solution include:<br />

� Interface compatibility<br />

requirements with future<br />

networking systems;<br />

� Potential for interoperability<br />

with higher echelons;<br />

� Baseband compatibility<br />

requirements with existing<br />

digitized lower echelon units;<br />

� Information Assurance/<br />

Encryption Requirements;<br />

� At-the-Halt/On-the-Move<br />

Capabilities.<br />

These requirements formed<br />

that basis <strong>of</strong> the <strong>WIN</strong>-T SNE.<br />

The network healing process is<br />

synonymous with a bridging capability<br />

whereas network thickening<br />

<strong>of</strong>fers enhanced bandwidth capability<br />

between nodes. The SNE will<br />

provide both network thickening<br />

and healing for the CNR nets that<br />

support communications between<br />

the company commanders and the<br />

battalion’s command<br />

post as<br />

depicted in Figure<br />

1. The majority <strong>of</strong><br />

the <strong>Army</strong><br />

Warfighter’s<br />

communications<br />

traffic served by<br />

the SNE network<br />

includes command<br />

and control<br />

messages and<br />

voice exchanges,<br />

as well as situational<br />

awareness<br />

traffic. The SNE<br />

would serve as an<br />

access port for<br />

extending the<br />

range <strong>of</strong> the legacy<br />

CNRs to both heal<br />

and thicken these<br />

range-limited networks.<br />

Basic requirements<br />

Some high level SNE requirements<br />

are provided below:<br />

� Operate over both commercial<br />

and Department <strong>of</strong> Defense<br />

satellites at Ku and Ka-band,<br />

respectively;<br />

� OTM and ATH 64 to 128<br />

Kbps user data rate capability<br />

(clear sky conditions – reduced<br />

throughput under rain conditions<br />

or severe satellite transponder<br />

loading);<br />

� Support IPv4/6 routed<br />

traffic;<br />

� Transmission will be based<br />

on Demand-Assigned Multi-<br />

Frequency Time Division<br />

Multiple Access <strong>WIN</strong>-T<br />

Network Centric Waveform for<br />

SATCOM application;<br />

� Hub-Assist (Hub-Spoke)<br />

and peer-to-peer connectivity;<br />

� Will support anticipated<br />

force structure subnet scheme<br />

with likely 36 members per<br />

<strong>Army</strong> Communicator 25

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