Transnational Crime and the Developing World

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14, 2015. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/15/world/europe/greece-british-museum-elgin-marbles. html. Amore, Anthony. Interview by the author, March 1, 2016. Anderson, Bradley, and Johan Jooste. “Wildlife Poaching: Africa’s Surging Trafficking Threat.” Washington, DC: Africa Center for Strategic Studies, May 2014. http://africacenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/ACSS-Africa-Security-Brief-No.-28-EN.pdf. “Anti-Counterfeiting Tool (ACT).” TechTrace. Accessed January 11, 2017. http://www.anti-counterfeitingtool.com/. “Apes Seizure Database Reveals True Extent of Illegal Trade.” United Nations Environment Programme, September 29, 2016. http://web.unep.org/newscentre/apes-seizure-database-reveals-true-extentillegal-trade. “April 14, 1991 - Museum Theft, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam.” Association for Research into Crimes against Art, September 30, 2016. http://art-crime.blogspot.com/2016/09/april-14-1991-museumtheft-van-gogh.html. Arsovska, Jana. “Introduction: Illicit Firearms Market in Europe and Beyond.” European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 20, no. 3 (2014): 295–305. doi:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/ s10610-014-9254-6. Asner, Gregory P., William Llactayo, Raul Tupayachi, and Ernesto Ráez Luna. “Elevated Rates of Gold Mining in the Amazon Revealed through High-Resolution Monitoring.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110, no. 46 (November 2013): 18454–59. doi:10.1073/pnas.1318271110. Atkins, Ralph. “Switzerland Moves Further to End Bank Secrecy.” Financial Times, December 29, 2016. https://www.ft.com/content/890a4262-c795-11e6-8f29-9445cac8966f. Azwar, Amahl S., and Linda Yulisman. “Government Calls for Crackdown on Oil Thefts.” The Jakarta Post, July 30, 2013. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/07/30/government-calls-crackdownoil-thefts.html. Babson College. “The Price of Life: Responding to the Global Black Market in Illicit Organs.” Webinar presented at the Initiative on Human Trafficking and Modern Slavery, June 17, 2015. Bajekal, Naina, and Vivienne Walt. “How Europe’s Terrorists Get Their Guns.” Time, December 7, 2015. http://time.com/how-europes-terrorists-get-their-guns/. Baker, Aryn. “Syria’s Looted Past: How Ancient Artifacts Are Being Traded for Guns.” Time, September 12, 2012. http://world.time.com/2012/09/12/syrias-looted-past-how-ancient-artifacts-are-being-traded-for-guns/. Bala-Gbogbo, Elisha. “Shell to Chevron Move Offshore as Nigerian Risks Mount.” Bloomberg, July 31, 2013. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-07-30/shell-flees-to-nigerian-offshore-fieldsamid-onshore-woes. “Bangladesh ‘Kidney Trafficking Ring’ Uncovered.” BBC News, August 30, 2011. http://www.bbc.com/ news/world-south-asia-14715820. Banks, Debbie, Sam Lawson, and Belinda Wright, eds. Skinning the Cat: Crime and Politics of the Big Global Financial Integrity 118
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Transnational Crime and the Develop
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Transnational Crime and the Develop
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Global Financial Integrity is pleas
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Contents Glossary..................
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Appendix Table E. Estimated Value o
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Glossary ACT AML ATS Avg. BACRIM BP
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Executive Summary Overview Transnat
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Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulate
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I. Introduction The aim of this rep
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II. Drug Trafficking A. Overview Th
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done throughout the year, increasin
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market is primarily supplied domest
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legitimate work. Money laundering i
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easily accessible, with some being
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III. Trafficking of Small Arms and
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Table E. Price vs. Distance: The We
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on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) show tha
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eactivated handgun that had been so
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IV. Human Trafficking A. Overview H
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Human trafficking and human smuggli
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up deposits) to avoid currency repo
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and it has used some others as suic
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V. Illegal Organ Trade A. Overview
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developed countries is US$20,000, w
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E. Recent Developments The consider
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VI. The Illicit Trade in Cultural P
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or illicit transactions can get bur
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trafficking transactions, providing
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Paying ransom demands, as well as t
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VII. Counterfeit and Pirated Goods
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and pirated goods come from China.
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Box 2. Pharmaceutical Crime Counter
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Figure IV. Terrorist Financing and
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F. Summary With an estimated US$923
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VIII. Illegal Wildlife Trade A. Ove
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Table R. Poacher vs. Consumer Price
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Community-based ecotourism is a pow
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was traditionally seen as a conserv
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IX. Illegal, Unreported, and Unregu
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IUU fishing particularly flourishes
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Figure V. Trade Misinvoicing to Lau
Page 83 and 84: E. Recent Developments The fishing
Page 85 and 86: X. Illegal Logging A. Overview Ille
Page 87 and 88: C. Dynamics Illegal logging, like o
Page 89 and 90: illion in revenues and taxes annual
Page 91 and 92: XI. Illegal Mining A. Overview Mine
Page 93 and 94: C. Dynamics The discussion of confl
Page 95 and 96: damages that can affect generations
Page 97 and 98: Figure VIII. Illegal Mining, Trade
Page 99 and 100: XII. Crude Oil Theft A. Overview Cr
Page 101 and 102: estimate places the daily loss of c
Page 103 and 104: Figure IX. Pipelines and Drug Traff
Page 105 and 106: Small-scale oil theft and refining
Page 107 and 108: F. Summary The theft of crude oil r
Page 109 and 110: XIII. Policy Recommendations Overvi
Page 111 and 112: on the lack of oversight secrecy ju
Page 113 and 114: at the top levels, and authorized c
Page 115 and 116: XIV. Conclusion Transnational crime
Page 117 and 118: Appendix: Methodology This appendix
Page 119 and 120: 2. The Average Cost of an AK-47 The
Page 121 and 122: Japan 502 $80,000 Low $14,000 High
Page 123 and 124: 519 Appendix Table I. Price Range o
Page 125 and 126: D. Trafficking in Cultural Property
Page 127 and 128: E. The Illegal Wildlife Trade This
Page 129 and 130: Appendix Table P. Source vs. Market
Page 131 and 132: Appendix Table R. Estimated Illegal
Page 133: Bibliography “7 Nabbed for Intern
Page 137 and 138: Chugh, Nishtha. “Need a Kidney? I
Page 139 and 140: Dunlevy, Sue. “Australians Turn t
Page 141 and 142: Federation. Accessed September 12,
Page 143 and 144: Gupta, Sanjay. “Unintended Conseq
Page 145 and 146: “International Plan of Action to
Page 147 and 148: Lerner, Maura. “U.S. Man Defies D
Page 149 and 150: the Wildlife TRAPS Project. Cambrid
Page 151 and 152: ence 13, no. 3 (September 2014): 31
Page 153 and 154: Schmidle, Nicholas. “Disarming Vi
Page 155 and 156: Strobel, Warren, Jonathan Landay, a
Page 157 and 158: Quartz, August 12, 2016. http://qz.
Page 159 and 160: “Update on Rhino Poaching Statist
Page 161 and 162: Intelligence, September 6, 2013. ht
Page 163 and 164: About Global Financial Integrity Fo
Page 166: 1100 17th St, NW, Suite 505 | Washi
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